EPIDEMIOLOGI PENYAKIT BERCAK DAUN DAN ANTRAKNOSA SERTA HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN CURAH HUJAN PADA PEMBIBITAN KELAPA SAWIT DI KEBUN GUNUNG PAMELA

Abstract

Leaf spot and anthracnose are important diseases in oil palm nurseries that can reduce seedling quality and potentially affect plant growth in the field. The development of these diseases is influenced by various environmental factors, including rainfall. This study aimed to analyze the development of leaf spot and anthracnose disease severity and their relationship with rainfall fluctuations in the main nursery of oil palm at Gunung Pamela Estate. The study was conducted in May 2026 using purposive sampling. Observations were carried out for four weeks on oil palm seedlings showing symptoms of leaf spot and anthracnose. The observed parameters included rainfall and disease severity. Data were analyzed descriptively and using Pearson correlation and presented in tables and graphs. Rainfall fluctuated during the observation period, measuring 15 mm in the first week, 79 mm in the second week, 0 mm in the third week, and 25 mm in the fourth week. Leaf spot severity increased from 18.70% to 54.20%, while anthracnose severity increased from 25.00% to 62.30%. Pearson correlation analysis showed a very weak negative and non-significant relationship between rainfall and leaf spot severity (r = -0.24) and between rainfall and anthracnose severity (r = -0.20). These results indicate that rainfall was not the main factor influencing disease severity during the observation period. Keywords: Anthracnose, Epidemiology, Leaf Spot, Plant Disease, Rainfall Leaf spot and anthracnose are important diseases in oil palm nurseries that can reduce seedling quality and potentially affect plant growth in the field. The development of these diseases is influenced by various environmental factors, including rainfall. This study aimed to analyze the development of leaf spot and anthracnose disease severity and their relationship with rainfall fluctuations in the main nursery of oil palm at Gunung Pamela Estate. The study was conducted in May 2026 using purposive sampling. Observations were carried out for four weeks on oil palm seedlings showing symptoms of leaf spot and anthracnose. The observed parameters included rainfall and disease severity. Data were analyzed descriptively and using Pearson correlation and presented in tables and graphs. Rainfall fluctuated during the observation period, measuring 15 mm in the first week, 79 mm in the second week, 0 mm in the third week, and 25 mm in the fourth week. Leaf spot severity increased from 18.70% to 54.20%, while anthracnose severity increased from 25.00% to 62.30%. Pearson correlation analysis showed a very weak negative and non-significant relationship between rainfall and leaf spot severity (r = -0.24) and between rainfall and anthracnose severity (r = -0.20). These results indicate that rainfall was not the main factor influencing disease severity during the observation period. Keywords: Anthracnose, Epidemiology, Leaf Spot, Plant Disease, Rainfall