Printed High-Performance Visible-Light Photodetectors Using CsPbBr3 Perovskite Quantum Dots and Integrated Lithography

Abstract

This study introduces a novel fabrication strategy that combines photolithography with printed electronics to develop high-performance photodetectors (PDs) operating in the visible spectrum. CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dot (QD)-based PDs with varying layer configurations were fabricated and characterized under 405 nm laser illumination at various intensities. The QDs were deposited onto pre-patterned, Au-coated substrates using a piezoelectric inkjet printer under ambient conditions. Under zero-bias operation, the optimized bilayer (2L) device exhibited an ultra-low dark current of 1.10 × 10−11 A, an elevated light current of 1.20 × 10−10 A, and an absolute photocurrent of 1.09 × 10−10 A. This configuration demonstrated excellent performance metrics, including a strong ON/OFF current ratio of 10.91, a calculated responsivity of 1.36 × 10−9 A/W, and a shot-noise-limited specific detectivity of 6.07 × 105 Jones. Furthermore, the device showed stable, self-powered operation under visible light, confirming its energy-efficient sensing capabilities. This work highlights the immense potential of hybrid lithographic and printing techniques for producing low-cost, scalable, and flexible perovskite-based photodetectors, providing a promising framework for next-generation optoelectronic systems, including wearable and environmental sensing technologies.