IoT-Enabled Water Irrigation System for Urban Farming: A Sustainable Approach to Smart Agriculture

Abstract

Rapid urbanization and the declining availability of arable land have increased the need for sustainable and efficient farming practices in urban areas. Although urban farming offers significant potential, it faces several challenges, including unreliable water supply, inefficient irrigation methods, and the need for continuous monitoring. Traditional irrigation systems are primarily manual, often resulting in water wastage and uneven crop growth. This paper presents an IoT-enabled water irrigation system that automates irrigation based on real-time environmental conditions. The proposed system continuously monitors soil moisture and environmental parameters using sensors and regulates water flow accordingly. The collected data is processed by an embedded controller and transmitted to a cloud platform, enabling users to remotely monitor and manage the irrigation system. By supplying water only when required, the system helps reduce unnecessary water consumption while promoting healthier crop growth and improved yield. However, large-scale implementation requires careful consideration of sensor accuracy, network reliability, and regular system maintenance.