THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON MENTAL HEALTH AMONG YOUNG ADULTS: EXPLORING ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, AND DIGITAL INTERVENTION APPROACHES

Abstract

Background: Social media has become deeply integrated into the daily lives of young adults, offering opportunities for communication, education, entertainment, and professional networking. However, excessive and maladaptive use has been increasingly associated with adverse mental health outcomes, particularly anxiety and depression. The psychological consequences of prolonged digital engagement have emerged as a significant public health concern. Objective: This narrative review explores the influence of social media on mental health among young adults, with a particular emphasis on anxiety, depression, and evidence-based digital intervention strategies aimed at promoting psychological well-being. Methods: A comprehensive review of published literature from peer-reviewed journals, systematic reviews, and international reports was conducted. Databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar were consulted using keywords such as social media, mental health, young adults, anxiety, depression, digital interventions, and psychological well-being. Studies published primarily between 2018 and 2025 were prioritized. Results: Evidence consistently demonstrates that problematic social media use, excessive screen time, cyberbullying, fear of missing out (FoMO), social comparison, and sleep disturbances contribute to increased risks of anxiety and depressive symptoms among young adults. Conversely, responsible social media use can foster social support, health education, peer engagement, and access to mental health resources. Emerging digital interventions—including cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based mobile applications, mindfulness programs, digital literacy initiatives, and algorithm-assisted mental health monitoring—have shown promising outcomes in reducing psychological distress. Conclusion: Social media represents both a risk factor and an opportunity for mental health promotion. Balanced usage, enhanced digital literacy, institutional policies, and evidence-based interventions can mitigate adverse psychological outcomes while maximizing the benefits of digital connectivity.