Jul 2026· Journal of basic and applied research international· Vol 32, pp. 53-64· 0 citations
Abstract
Aims: This study examined the types of farm inputs used by arable crop farmers, assessed their level of access to key farm inputs, and analysed the determinants of input access.
Study Design: A cross-sectional survey design was adopted.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted among arable crop farmers in Rivers, Delta, and Edo States, Nigeria, from February to April 2026.
Methodology: A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 600 arable crop farmers. Primary data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis.
Results: Most respondents were female (64%) and married (66%), with a mean age of 43 years, an average household size of six persons, and mean farming experience of 15 years. About 61% had at least secondary education, while 59% belonged to cooperative societies and 52% had access to extension services. The major inputs used were hired labour (87%), fertiliser (82%), family labour (78%), herbicides (76%), and improved seeds (73%). Access was high for improved seeds (mean = 2.93) and fertiliser (mean = 3.02), but low for mechanised services (mean = 2.19), credit (mean = 2.32), and irrigation facilities (mean = 2.07). The logistic regression model was statistically significant (LR Chi-square = 148.61, p < 0.01; pseudo R² = 0.410). Education (coefficient = 0.421), farm size (coefficient = 0.563), and cooperative membership (coefficient = 0.719) positively influenced access to farm inputs, whereas distance to market had a negative effect (coefficient = -0.487).
Conclusion: Arable crop farmers in Rivers, Delta, and Edo States had relatively better access to improved seeds and fertiliser than to mechanisation, agricultural credit, and irrigation facilities. Strengthening farmer cooperatives, improving rural road and market infrastructure, expanding farmer education, and increasing access to credit, mechanisation, and irrigation services are essential for improving farm input access and agricultural productivity.
This study examined the determinants of indigenous organic farming practices adoption among cassava farmers in Kwara State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select 90 cassava farmers from Kwara State Agricultural Development Programme (KWADP) Zone C. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression. The results showed that 64.4% of the respondents were male, while 63.3% were within the economically active age range of 20–40 years. About 70.0% of the farmers had tertiary education, and 57.8% had household sizes of between 4–6 persons. Institutional characteristics revealed that 68.9% of the respondents were members of farmers’ associations, and majority of them 83.3% had access to extension services, most of them 71.1% had access to credit for farming activities. The logistic regression results indicated that education level (β = 0.683, p < 0.05), farming experience (β = 0.686, p < 0.05), access to extension services (β = 2.739, p < 0.01), access to credit (β = 2.645, p < 0.05), and membership of farmers’ associations (β = 1.231, p < 0.05) significantly influenced adoption of indigenous organic farming practices. Access to extension services increased the likelihood of adoption by over fifteen times. The study concludes that institutional support and farmers’ capacity-building are critical to enhancing indigenous organic farming adoption among cassava farmers. Strengthening extension delivery, improving credit access, and promoting farmers’ organizations are recommended to scale up sustainable cassava production in the study area.
The study aimed at evaluating the agroforestry practices and access to incentives by farmers in Southwest Nigeria. The study adopted multistage sampling techniques to sample 465 smallholder arable farmers from Oyo, Ogun, and Osun States respectively. Moreover, primary data were collected using structured questionnaires and analysed using descriptive statistics and chi-square (χ²) test. The parameters for the study were agroforestry practices and farmers' access to incentives. The results of the study showed that majority of respondents (61.9%) were mostly men. Moreover, majority of the respondents (87.7%) were mostly engaged in farming activities on smallholder farms with a mean farm size of 7.85 ha. Additionally, majority of respondents (81.9%) were mostly practicing cultivation of multipurpose trees on cropland, taungya (71.0%), border tree planting (63.7%), alley cropping (63.2%), improved tree fallow (62.8%) and agrisilviculture (58.1%) and live fence (52.9%) were mostly used agroforestry practices. Furthermore, the results of the study revealed that there existed a significant association between agroforestry practices and farmers' access to incentives (p < 0.01). Finally, the study found that availability of incentives could positively influence adoption and utilization of diverse agroforestry practices.
Oluwole Olalekan Oke, T. Banmeke, A. Adeoye et al.· FUDMA Journal of Sciences· 0 citations
This study assessed extension service delivery bias in agriculture: the crop farmers and pastoralists challenge in Niger State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select 120 crop farmers and 40 pastoralists for the study. Data were collected with the aid of structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Kendal coefficient of concordance. Results revealed that the mean age of crop farmers and pastoralists were 36 years and 27 years respectively. Majority (89.2%) of the crop farmers and pastoralists (90.0%) were married with the mean household size of 7 people and 8 people respectively. Majority (87.0%) of the crop farmers were formally educated while majority (90.0) of pastoralists were none formally educated. Although 100.0% of crop farmers required support in accessing agricultural loans, only 20.8% received it. Pastoralists require livestock diseases control, animal health and diseases diagnostics, and all were received at rates of 48.0%, 38.2%, and 48.0% respectively. Significant bias for crop farmers included information on pest control (77.0%). Pastoralists experienced biases in extension visits to training on improved breeding techniques (63.0%) and remote areas (75.0%). The challenges faced by crop farmers in accessing extension services were inadequate extension visits ( = 7.39) and high cost of transportation to extension service centers ( = 7.08). Pastoralists faced limited availability of extension agents ( = 8.31) and language barriers ( = 7.16). Government should establish extension stations in rural areas to improve access to services and information to reduce service delivery bias was offered as recommendation.
ADAMU, M. G., Ubandoma, G. A., BWALA, M. A.· Journal of Renewable Agricul...· 0 citations
This study investigates the extent and determinants of livelihood diversification among integrated crop- livestock farming households in North-West Nigeria. The study aimed at assessing the integrated crop- livestock farming practices and analyse the factors influencing the livelihood activities of the farmers in the study area. The study used a multistage sampling procedure consisting of 3 states, 3 agricultural zones, 21 LGAs and 84 villages. Data were collected from 405 respondents through structured questionnaires andanalysed using descriptive statistics, the Simpson Diversification Index (SDI) and Tobit regression. Findings revealed a moderate level of livelihood diversification, with an average SDI of 0.58. Farmers engaged in diverse on-farm, off-farm, and non-farm income-generating activities, with on-farm income accounting for 66.66% of the total annual household income, followed by non-farm (23.57%) and off-farm (9.77%) sources. Tobit regression results showed that household size, gender of the household head, and access to credit were significant at the 5% level, respectively while education level and income from various sources were significant at the 1% level, all positively influencing livelihood diversification. Conversely, farm size had a negative and significant relationship, suggesting that larger farms often reduce the likelihood of engaging in alternative livelihood strategies. The study concludes that diversification is a critical strategy for income stability and risk management among smallholders. It recommends enhancing access to credit, promotingrural farmer education and improving rural infrastructure to sustain and expand livelihood diversification.
M. Abdullahi, M. Sulaiman· Agro-Science· 0 citations
Climate change threatens global agriculture, disrupting practices and food security by altering growing seasons. These impacts therefore necessitate an understanding of the determinants influencing rural farmers' access to vital climate change adaptation information in Asa Local Government Area, Kwara State, Nigeria. The study employed a multistage sampling method to select 180 respondents from 18 communities across 9 wards. Data were collected through questionnaire and interviews and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Key findings revealed that 34.4% of the respondents were aged 41-50, the majority were male (66.10%), married (83.90%), and natives of their village/town (62.20%). Household sizes mostly ranged from 1-5 (34.40%) to 6-10 (51.70%) members. Educationally, 25.60% had no formal education, while 34.40% had secondary education. The primary occupation for 72.20% was farming, followed by civil service (9.40%) and trading (12.80%). Radio was the main channel for climate change adaptation information, supplemented by extension agents, indigenous knowledge, fellow farmers, and television. Access frequency to climate change adaptation information varied, with 49% accessing information 4-5 times/year. Notably, 96% were unaware of government programmes on climate change adaptation, and 71.17% never attended related workshops. Most farmers (93%) faced no challenges in accessing and comprehending the information. Adaptation strategies included multi-crop agriculture, drought-tolerant crops, mulching, Fadama farming, and mixed cropping. Satisfaction with communication channels was moderate for 64.37% of respondents, while 97% had a proper understanding of climate change information. Only 7% reported challenges in accessing or understanding the information. The study concludes that socio-economic factors such as education, primary occupation, and gender significantly impact farmers' ability to access and engage with climate change adaptation information, with radio being the primary dissemination channel.
B.A. Shittu, K.H. Kai, K.O. Amour· Journal of Agriculture and E...· 0 citations
The present study was undertaken to analyse the factors influencing farmers’ purchase decisions and the problems faced in the purchase of farm implements in the Kachchh district of Gujarat. A descriptive research design was adopted, and primary data were collected from 200 tractor-owning farmers selected purposively from 20 villages across Anjar, Bhuj, Bhachau, and Mundra talukas from December 2025 to March 2026. Secondary data were obtained from published reports and official sources. Percentage and tabular analyses were employed to examine the socio-economic characteristics of farmers and the ownership pattern of tractors and farm implements, while the Weighted Average Mean (WAM) technique was used to identify key purchase factors, influential promotional tools and major constraints. The findings revealed that the majority of farmers were middle-aged, belonged to small and marginal farm categories and possessed moderate levels of income. Ownership of farm implements was largely concentrated in primary and secondary tillage implements. Price/affordability, durability and field performance emerged as the most critical purchase attributes, while field demonstrations, word of mouth and dealer recommendations were the most effective promotional tools. High initial cost, lack of finance and high repair and operating costs were the most severe constraints. The study concludes that improving access to institutional credit, strengthening after-sales support services and promoting demonstration-based extension activities can facilitate wider adoption of farm implements and enhance the level of farm mechanisation in the region.
Dilip M. Dhila, D. Vahoniya, B. Bagda· Journal of Experimental Agri...· 0 citations