Extending the Stream Flow Series Using Conceptual and Lumped Model Approach and Evaluating Hydrological Sensitive Parameters of the Jaraikela Sub-basin, Odisha, India

Abstract

Measuring the available water resources in the river system is a crucial step in the planning and development process for water resources. However, in India, there is a deficiency in the river gauging network and data availability. Under such conditions, a connection with an appropriate hydrological model may be developed to convert the rainfall data into runoff. The prime thrust of study was to generate the runoff series and extend the flow of Jaraikela sub-basin (having catchment area 9160 km2 and located at 22.3097° N latitude and 85.0675° E longitude) Bisra block, Sundargarh district of Odisha. The input information of daily rainfall, evapotranspiration and observed runoff data of 38th years (1975 to 2013), were retrieved from National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand during year 2018. The retrieved data converted into ASCII format as per model requirement. Australian Water Balance Model (AWBM) was used in this study, and calibrated with Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) objective function for the period 1994-2008 and validated for 1976-1994. The NSE of the model (67.0%) showed a good agreement and capability to simulate the stream flow runoff with a fair degree of accuracy. The evapotranspiration and observed runoff were found higher during the year 2002 (1652.1 mm) & 1977 (94693.99mm) and lowest during 1984 (1477.8 mm) & 2010 (12617.03mm) respectively. A sensitivity analysis was also performed, findings revealed that parameters such as surface storage areas and smallest storage capacity(A1)-0.133, (A2)-0.433 and (C1)-0.67 were found non-sensitive, base flow index (BFI)-0.35 to 0.65 was high sensitive, medium storage capacity (C2)-0.67 was less sensitive, largest storage capacity (C3)- 0.55 to 0.65, base flow recession (KBase)-0.60 to 0.65 and surface flow recession (KSurf)-0.35 to 0.65 were sensitive parameters.