The correlation between clinical and pathological features of renal cancer patients with survival after surgical intervention

Abstract

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a prevalent malignancy with a steadily increasing incidence. This study examined the association between clinical and pathological factors and RCC patient survival outcomes. Methods: This retrospective cohort study enrolled patients diagnosed with malignant renal tumors who underwent surgical resection at Urmia Imam Khomeini Hospital between April 2017 and March 2022. Eligible patients were identified through a review of medical records and recruited using a convenience sampling method. Demographic, clinical, and pathological data were collected for each patient. Results: Of the 171 patients, 104 were males and 67 were females with a mean age of 57.9 years (SD±14.5). The one-, three, and five-year overall survival rates were 84.7%, 72.4%, and 70.5%, respectively. Univariate regression analysis revealed that five-year mortality following surgical intervention was strongly associated with moderate-to-severe anemia HR: 6.495, 95%CI: 3.618-11.660, p<0.001), elevated ESR (HR: 6.690, 95%CI: 3.122-14.335, p<0.001), presence of necrosis (HR 13.216, 95% CI 5.213-33.509, p < 0.001), and lymphovascular invasion (HR 7.988, 95% CI 4.184-15.251, p < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis identified moderate-to-severe anemia, lymphovascular invasion, and stage III &IV, high ESR and eGFR<45 as strong predictors of five-year mortality. Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of considering clinical and pathological features in the management and prognosis of RCC patients.