HyPER-Net: Performance Modeling and Optimization of Solar–Wind–Battery Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems

Abstract

Hybrid renewable energy systems have become an effective solution for improving energy reliability and reducing dependence on conventional power sources, especially in remote and rural regions. This paper presents HyPER-Net, a performance modeling and optimization framework for a solar-wind-battery hybrid renewable energy system. The proposed framework evaluates renewable generation, battery operation, reliability, cost, and environmental performance using real hourly meteorological data. Solar irradiance, ambient temperature, and wind speed data for Jodhpur, Rajasthan, were obtained for the year 2023 and used to model photovoltaic and wind turbine output. A representative rural microgrid load profile was used to analyze energy balance and unmet load. Four system scenarios were evaluated: PV only, wind only, PV + wind, and PV + wind + battery. The results showed that the PV + wind + battery configuration achieved 90.56% reliability, 9.4% Loss of Power Supply Probability, 0.1513 USD/kWh Levelized Cost of Energy, and 297.54 tonnes/year $\mathbf{C O}_{\mathbf{2}}$ avoidance. A grid-search optimization was then performed to identify the best system configuration under a reliability constraint of at least 90%. The optimized configuration consisted of 300 kW PV, 60 kW wind, and 800 kWh battery storage. This configuration improved reliability to 94.08%, reduced LPSP to 5.92%, decreased LCOE to 0.1329 USD/kWh, and increased $\mathbf{C O}_{\mathbf{2}}$ avoidance to 309.10 tonnes/year. The results demonstrate that the proposed HyPER-Net framework can support location-specific performance modeling and optimal sizing of hybrid renewable energy systems for reliable and cost-effective rural power supply.