Compositional and Functional Characterization of Glycolipid Biosurfactants from an Olive-Derived Lactiplantibacillus plantarum

Novel Ferulic Acid Esterase From Human Gut Microbiome: Cloning and Application in Crop Residue Valorization.

Ferulic acid esterases (FAEs) are enzymes that interact with esterified components of plant cell walls, facilitating the release of free ferulic acid (FA) from plant materials. Therefore, they hold significant importance across multiple industries, including pharma, food, and cosmetics. This investigation involved the cloning, expression, and characterization of FAE from the human fecal metagenome. Sequence analysis revealed that the cloned gene was approximately 750 bp in length and contained an open reading frame encoding a protein of 252 amino acids. The resulting recombinant protein displayed a molecular weight of 28 kDa and 49.7% identity with the chlorogenic acid esterase from Lactobacillus helveticus. The hydrolytic activity of the recombinant FAE was validated using p-nitrophenyl-ferulate (pNPF) as the substrate, with optimal activity at a pH of 7 and a temperature of 35°C. The enzyme showed stability within a pH range of 5.0-7.0 and temperatures from 5°C to 35°C. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) results indicated that the FAE enzyme could release up to 49.7% of total alkali-extractable FA from dehydrated rice bran, followed by wheat bran and sugarcane bagasse. The total phenolic content of sugarcane bagasse increased by approximately 100% after in situ enzymatic fermentation compared with the chemically extracted fraction. These results indicate that cloned FAE can be used as a potential biocatalyst in industrial applications.

Screening, Physiological Characterization, Genomic Analysis and Optimization by Conjugated Linoleic Acid Bioconversion of Two Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Strains

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) comprises a group of C18 fatty acids containing conjugated double bonds and has been associated with potential anti-obesity and antitumor effects. In this study, 116 presumptive lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolates were recovered from homemade Sichuan pickles. Primary screening identified 28 CLA-producing isolates, among which strains 7# and 31# showed the highest absorbance at 233 nm (A233). CLA production by both strains was subsequently optimized and quantified using gas chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-Q-TOF). Under the optimized conditions, strain 31# produced 66.50 ± 3.80 μg/mL total CLA, including 52.70 ± 3.29 μg/mL c9,t11-CLA and 13.80 ± 0.51 μg/mL t10,c12-CLA. Strain 7# produced 26.79 ± 1.09 μg/mL total CLA, including 14.05 ± 0.49 μg/mL c9,t11-CLA and 12.74 ± 0.60 μg/mL t10,c12-CLA. Physiological, biochemical, and safety assessments showed that strain 31# outperformed strain 7# overall, supporting its use in further product development and mechanistic studies. Functional annotation using the COG database and pathway mapping with KEGG identified candidate genes encoding an enzyme associated with linoleic acid isomerization in both strains. Potential mechanisms underlying their different CLA-producing capacities were also examined, providing a basis for the selection and development of high-CLA-producing strains.

A novel family of fungal protein biosurfactants: Discovery and sustainable production.

A new class of fungal biosurfactant proteins is introduced and a simplified downstream process based on methanol/chloroform extraction is developed, reducing costs while preserving functionality.

Recent Advances and Future Perspectives in the Biomanufacturing of Lipopeptides: From Strain Engineering to Industrial Applications.

Enhancement of novel cello-xylosome saccharification performance via microbial surface display on lignocellulosic feedstocks.

Cellulosomes are regarded as the most intricate naturally occurring cellulolytic systems. This study reports the design and surface assembly of a novel artificial cello-xylosome on Escherichia coli BL21:ΔCsgA cells. This synthetic complex incorporates two highly active enzymes previously sourced from sheep rumen microbiota, namely the glucanase IDSGLUC5-28 and the xylanase IDSXYN10-1. The structural integrity of the designer cello-xylosome was confirmed using a combined approach involving western blot analysis, zymography, and immunofluorescence microscopy. Substrate hydrolysis assays demonstrated that whole cells displaying the surface-anchored cello-xylosome predominantly released mono- and disaccharides from glucan- and xylan-based substrates, aligning with the product profiles generated by the free enzymes. Following a 48-h reaction, the engineered cells released 1.20 and 0.51 mg/mL of reducing sugars from peanut and rice straws, respectively. Structural characterization of these natural feedstocks revealed severe disruption of the fiber structures, along with reduced particle size distribution and decreased crystallinity index. Notably, the engineered cells exhibited reasonable reusability toward peanut straw over multiple bioprocessing cycles, providing a distinct advantage over free enzymes. In summary, this study provided a new strategy for environmental remediation, particularly for resource-oriented and renewable recycling of agricultural waste.

Enhanced biological desilication by Bacillus mucilaginosus mutant: Multi-omics insights into extracellular polymeric substance overproduction and metabolic adaptations.

Findings reveal that the enhanced desilication by BM3 is associated with coordinated metabolic reprogramming and a more reactive EPS-mineral interface, providing an effective biological pretreatment for disrupting silicate matrices and improving scandium recovery from refractory tailings.