Work-related musculoskeletal disorders in healthcare professionals in Southern Tunisia
Abstract
Abstract Introduction Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are among the most common work-related health problems affecting healthcare professionals (HCPs), due to their demanding physical workload and psychosocial stressors. Identifying their associated risk factors is essential to guide preventive strategies. Our study aimed to assess the prevalence of MSDs and to identify their associated factors among HCPs. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among HCPs working in two university hospitals in Sfax, Tunisia, during February-March 2026. MSDs were assessed using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ). Perceived stress was measured using a 1–10 scale and categorized as low (1–3), moderate (4–6), and high (7–10). Results A total of 197 HCPs were included, with a sex ratio equal to 0.29. Their median age was 29 years (Interquartile range (IQR) = [26-38] years). Eighty -five HCPs (43.1%) were medical staff, and 53.6% (n = 103) worked in a medical department. Overall, 69.3% of participants (n = 131) reported prolonged standing, while 38% (n = 73) reported carrying heavy loads. The prevalence of MSDs was 95.4% (n = 188). Over the past 12 months, the most commonly affected sites were the neck (77%, n = 147), followed by the shoulders (72.9%, n = 140) and the lower back (71.2%, n = 136). Regarding the impact of MSDs, 63.4% of HCPs (n = 121) reported a slowdown in their work pace, and 43% (n = 80) had sought medical consultation. MSDs were significantly more frequent among HCPs who did not engage in physical activity (OR = 5.95, p = 0.029) and among those reporting high perceived work-related stress compared to those reporting low stress (OR = 17.1, p = 0.003). Conclusions MSDs are highly prevalent among HCPs. These findings underscore the need to implement targeted preventive strategies, including the promotion of physical activity and improvements in psychosocial working conditions, to reduce the burden of MSDs among HCPs. Key messages • MSDs are highly prevalent among healthcare professionals, with a major impact on work performance and frequent need for medical care. • Lack of physical activity and high work-related stress significantly increase MSD risk, highlighting key targets for prevention.