Design of a Web-Based E-Commerce System for Herbal Tea Products Using the Waterfall Method

Abstract

The rapid growth of digital technology has encouraged SMEs to adopt e-commerce platforms to improve market reach and service efficiency. However, many SMEs in niche product sectors, including herbal tea businesses, still face challenges in developing structured and user-oriented digital commerce systems. This study aims to design and evaluate a web-based e-commerce system for Acachia herbal tea products using the Waterfall model. Business needs were identified using the Business Model Canvas, while system requirements were translated into a sitemap, use case diagram, activity diagrams, and interface implementation. The evaluation was conducted through scenario-based usability validation involving ten potential end users. The results show that the proposed interface is generally usable for supporting basic e-commerce activities, with an average score of 3.57 out of 5. However, product information completeness, checkout confirmation, payment integration, and order tracking still require improvement. This study contributes a structured design and preliminary usability validation framework for niche SME e-commerce development.