The mitogenome of the decorator crab Hyastens ducator is sequenced for the first time, clarifies its phylogenetic position, enriches the molecular dataset for the family Epialtidae and provides an important reference for future taxonomic and evolutionary studies of Majoidea.
Abstract
The family Epialtidae is the most species-rich lineage within the superfamily Majoidea, but complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) have been reported for only a few of its members. In this study, we sequenced the complete mitogenome of the decorator crab
Hyastens ducator
using next-generation high-throughput sequencing, annotated its mitochondrial genes and analysed its genomic organisation. The complete mitogenome of
H. ducator
is 15 894 bp in length and contains 37 genes, including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA genes and 22 transfer RNA genes. The tRNAs range from 52 to 74 bp in length. The nucleotide composition of the complete mitogenome is 34.9% A, 18.2% C, 9.4% G and 37.5% T. A comparison of gene order among species within Majoidea shows that the overall gene order of mitogenomes is largely conserved, but the positions of some short genes and non-coding regions vary to different degrees. Most changes occur in transfer RNA regions and gene orders ranged from highly conserved to extensively rearranged among different lineages. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 13 PCGs robustly placed
H. ducator
within Epialtidae, clustered it with other epialtid species with strong support and provided new molecular evidence for relationships among families and genera within Majoidea. Overall, this study reports the mitogenome of
H. ducator
for the first time, clarifies its phylogenetic position, enriches the molecular dataset for the family Epialtidae and provides an important reference for future taxonomic and evolutionary studies of Majoidea.
Nucleotide diversity and evolutionary rate analyses across mitogenomes of Oedipodinae revealed pervasive purifying selection acting on all 13 PCGs, which strongly supported M. wagneri as a monophyletic lineage within the subfamily Oedipodinae.
Background: Leptobotia tchangi is a loach species endemic to South China, but its mitochondrial genome has not yet been characterized, limiting understanding of its evolutionary relationships and conservation genetics. Methods: Here, we report the first complete mitochondrial genome of L. tchangi, using next-generation sequencing, assembly and bioinformatics analyses. Results: The double-stranded circular mitogenome has 16,590 bp and contains: 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and a non-coding control region (D-loop) containing conserved ETAS and CSB motifs. The overall base composition is 25.0% thymine (T), 27.9% cytosine (C), 31.1% adenine (A), and 16.0% guanine (G), showing a clear A + T bias (56.1%) which is consistent with other Botiidae mitogenomes. To infer the phylogenetic placement of L. tchangi within Botiidae, we conducted both Bayesian inference and maximum-likelihood phylogenetic analyses based on the concatenated PCG sequences. Our results strongly support (1) the monophyly of the subfamilies Leptobotiinae and Botiinae, as well as the monophyly of each genus within the family Botiidae; (2) three sister-group relationships within Botiinae: (Botia + Chromobotia), (Ambastaia + Sinibotia), and (Syncrossus + Yasuhikotakia), with the latter two species groups also being sister groups; (3) L. tchangi being most closely related to Leptobotia taeniops. Conclusions: These findings not only provide essential molecular markers for the species identification and conservation genetics of L. tchangi, but also clarify the taxonomic status of L. tchangi within Botiidae.
Phylogenetic analyses based on partitioned mitochondrial datasets strongly support the monophyly of the subfamily Reduviinae and reveal that A. geniculata forms a close sister-group relationship with A. ruficeps and A. pedestris.
Wan-Ting Liu, Jia-Hao Chen, Jia-Kun Lin et al.· Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Re...· 0 citations
The first complete mitogenome of Eurostus validus is reported and indicates that both mutation pressure and natural selection shape codon usage bias, with natural selection playing a dominant role.
Dong-Kai Liu, Chao Xue, Yingyin Gao· Journal of the Entomological...· 0 citations
The intergeneric attraction of Pammene nemorosa to sex pheromone traps targeting the Oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), may compromise the reliability of pest monitoring in apple orchards, yet the evolutionary context of this behavioral overlap remains unclear. Here, we sequenced and characterized the first complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of P. nemorosa and assessed its phylogenetic position within the tribe Grapholitini. The circular mitogenome is 15,457 bp long and contains the canonical set of 37 genes, including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and two ribosomal RNA genes, with a gene order typical of ditrysian Lepidoptera. The genome exhibits a pronounced A + T bias (80.1%), and its 484-bp control region contains a tandem duplication of an approximately 215-bp sequence unit, with each repeat copy marked by an ATAGA motif. Phylogenetic analyses based on Neighbor-Joining, Maximum Likelihood, and Bayesian Inference consistently recovered P. nemorosa as sister to the Grapholita clade (G. dimorpha + G. molesta), with strong Bayesian support (posterior probability = 0.999), highlighting a potential discordance between its mitochondrial phylogenetic position and its current morphological classification within Pammene. These findings establish the first complete mitogenomic resource for P. nemorosa and provide a phylogenetic framework for interpreting its close evolutionary affinity with Grapholita species. Although mitochondrial data alone cannot establish the functional mechanisms underlying heterospecific pheromone attraction, the genomic resource established here provides a baseline for future integrative studies combining nuclear genomics, transcriptomics, and chemical ecology, and contributes to a broader understanding of the evolutionary relationships and ecological interactions within Grapholitini.
Jae-in Oh, Kyung Hyun Kim, In Seop Kim et al.· Scientific Reports· 0 citations
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