Smart and energy-efficient water supply planning for Society 5.0: A Taguchi optimization approach

Abstract

The increasing demand for energy-efficient and sustainable water supply systems requires the development of effective analytical and optimization approaches. This study presents a methodology for evaluating and minimizing energy consumption in pumping systems using Taguchi design and regression analysis. A Taguchi L9 experimental design was applied to investigate the influence of key operational parameters, including flow rate, pump head, and efficiency, on pumping power. The signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio analysis, based on the "smaller-is-better" criterion, was used to identify the optimal conditions for minimizing energy consumption. In addition, regression analysis was conducted to quantify the relationship between the input parameters and pumping power. The results indicate that flow rate and pump head are the most influential factors, while pump efficiency has a significant inverse effect on energy consumption. The developed regression model demonstrates high predictive accuracy, with a coefficient of determination exceeding 99%. The findings confirm consistency with fundamental hydraulic principles and highlight the importance of parameter optimization in improving energy efficiency. The proposed approach provides a simple and effective framework for supporting smart decision-making in modern water supply systems.