TL;DR
A systematic analysis provides evidence supporting a potential causal relationship between four gut microbiota taxa including class.
Negativibacillus massiliensis is likely associated with an increased risk of AD, and v-VLDL FC/TL may partially mediate this association, suggesting their potential as targets for AD prevention and treatment.
Genetic evidence is provided that gut microbiota influence CKD risk partially through circulating metabolites, highlighting the gut microbiota–metabolite–CKD axis as a potential therapeutic target.
The results indicate that the gut microbiota has causal effects on DKD and that immune cell traits exert a mediation effect to some extent.
Previous studies have investigated the relationship between gut microbiota (GM) and oral lesions, but the reported associations across microbial taxa and oral conditions have been inconsistent. This 2-sample Mendelian randomization study using summary-level GWAS data aimed to clarify the causal links between GM and 5 oral conditions: loose teeth, toothache, bleeding gums, painful gums, and mouth ulcers. GM data were obtained from the MiBioGen consortium, while outcome data were derived from the Neale Lab and MRC-IEU consortium. We applied inverse variance weighted (IVW) and complementary MR methods to estimate causal effects, with reverse MR performed to test the possibility of reverse causality, and multivariable MR (MVMR) used to assess whether associations persisted after adjusting for conventional risk factors. The IVW method identified 42 potential associations between GM and oral conditions. For example, the Mollicutes class and Tenericutes phylum were negatively associated with loose teeth (Mollicutes: odds ratio [OR] = 0.9936, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.9894 to 0.9978, P = .0029), whereas the Slackia genus showed a positive association with toothache (OR = 1.0096, 95% CI: 1.0050 to 1.0142, P = 3.98 × 10−5). These associations were further confirmed in replication analyses, and MVMR demonstrated that they remained significant after accounting for established risk factors. The findings suggest robust causal links between specific GM taxa and oral conditions, offering novel insights into the GM–oral health axis and highlighting potential preventive or therapeutic targets for oral care.
This study provides genetic evidence supporting a bidirectional causal relationship between specific saliva and gut microbiota and bone neoplasm-related phenotypes and identifies several microbial taxa as potential candidates for future biomarker development and therapeutic investigation in bone neoplasm-related phenotypes.
Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota is associated with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). However, findings regarding microbial alterations in FGIDs have been inconsistent across observational studies, and the direction and causality of these associations remain unclear. We conducted a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to investigate potential causal associations between gut microbiota and two common FGIDs, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and functional dyspepsia (FD). Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics of gut microbiota, IBS, and FD were obtained from public databases and applied to our MR analysis. The inverse-variance-weighted method was used as the primary analysis, with weighted median and complementary sensitivity analyses used to assess the consistency and robustness of the findings. Higher genetically predicted abundances of order Bifidobacteriales (OR: 0.741, 95% CI: 0.570 to 0.963, P = 0.025) and genus Eubacterium ventriosum group (OR: 0.684, 95% CI: 0.524 to 0.893, P = 0.005) were associated with a lower risk of IBS. Genus Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group (OR: 1.368, 95% CI: 1.086 to 1.722, P = 0.008) correlated to a high risk of FD while family Desulfovibrionaceae and order Desulfovibrionales (OR: 0.649, 95% CI: 0.471 to 0.893, P = 0.008) were protective for FD. In the reverse MR analysis, genetically predicted IBS risk was associated with lower abundances of Turicibacter and Slackia , whereas no robust reverse associations were observed for FD. These findings identify several microbial taxa as candidates for further mechanistic and clinical validation rather than established risk factors or therapeutic targets. Further experimental research to investigate the underlying mechanisms is warranted.
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