TL;DR
Current therapeutic strategies for immune disorders: biologics, small-molecule inhibition, cell therapy, and gene editing are focused on, with concerns about safety, cost, and accessibility thresholds.
Autoinflammatory disorders arise from dysregulated innate immunity, most commonly involving inflammasome activation and excessive interleukin-1 (IL-1) signaling. Although rare, these conditions are increasingly recognized across age groups as genetic testing expands and phenotypic classification improves. Therapeutic...
Background: Autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs) are characterized by a failure of immune tolerance, leading to chronic inflammation, autoantibody production, and progressive organ damage. Conventional therapies often fail to induce long-term, drug-free remission in refractory patients. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)...
Cellular immunotherapies represent a promising but still investigational therapeutic paradigm in IBD and robust clinical trials with standardized endpoints and long-term safety monitoring are needed before their clinical adoption.
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are therapeutically challenging chronic inflammatory diseases of the intestine. Despite major advances in biologic and small-molecule therapies, many patients with IBD experience primary nonresponse, secondary loss of respons...
This review comprehensively outlines the progress of Treg-based therapeutics, spanning from fundamental biological research to translational applications in autoimmune diseases, and describes the developmental characteristics, suppressive machinery, and heterogeneity of Tregs.
This review provides a comprehensive overview of the repertoire of therapeutic biologics, their mechanisms of action, pivotal clinical trials, and clinical applications, and delineates strategies to optimize their application in the management of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
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