Jul 2026· Journal of Media & Mass Communication· Vol 2, pp. 7-23· 0 citations· 19 references
Abstract
This study intends to analyze the representation of information warfare on Facebook in the context of the recent tensions between Afghanistan and Pakistan. Within the framework of developments in the digital age, social media platforms have the role for shaping public perception and narrative competition. Using a quantitative content analysis approach supported by interpretive analysis, the study examined 107 Facebook posts from three selected pages during a one‑month period at the peak of the tensions. Data were coded based on a designed codebook and analyzed through descriptive statistics and inferential tests.
The findings show that the representation of tensions is predominantly framed through confrontational, security-oriented, and nationalist perspectives, while peace-oriented frames occupy only a minor share. Nationalism and enemy construction also play a major role in directing content, and the opposing side is frequently represented as an “enemy.” The results further demonstrate that information warfare operates in a complex and indirect manner, while emotional and visual elements significantly contribute to increasing user engagement. Overall, Facebook can be understood as an active arena within the field of information warfare.
Public trust in anti-corruption institutions in Indonesia remains fragile, as reflected in the declining score of Indonesia's Corruption Perception Index (CPI) in 2025. The corruption case of former President Director of PT ASDP Indonesia Ferry, Ira Puspadewi, attracted public attention because she was found guilty on...
Arsela Dewi Octavianti, Dwi Putra Asmara· Journal of Citizenship· 0 citations
The article examines the sociocultural mechanisms of the symbolic construction of archetypal images of terrorism in the contemporary information space. It highlights the role of the mass media as an institutional channel, filter, and interpreter of social reality, as well as the ways in which audiences assign social me...
This study examines the role of military and civilian media in a hybrid digital media system during wartime, using the Ukrainian case as an empirical example. Based on a comparative analysis of 36 military and civilian media outlets, the study applies platform-based metrics of visibility and engagement, including views...
Yurii Bondar, Ihor Somko, Viktor Nabrusko et al.· Media, War & Conflict· 0 citations
In the contemporary geopolitical landscape, communication through social media platforms acts as the space to construct the narrative of war and peace. However, existing literature failed to address how the adversarial political actors utilize social media to construct their favorable narratives. This study examines th...
Eeman Khalid, Zoneera Arshad, María Pastor Quiles Corresponding Author· Scholar Insight Journal· 0 citations
This study investigated the discursive construction of extrajudicial killings in the digital sphere, focusing on the 2025 Uromi massacre in Nigeria and the 2026 “magical accusation” marketplace case in Zambia. The aim was to analyse how digital publics justified or resisted jungle justice through social media interacti...
War reporting is shaped by ideological and institutional perspectives, with different media outlets using distinct linguistic strategies to construct and represent conflicts and legitimacy in different ways. The present study aims to (1) revealing how the social actors are named and referred to linguistically;(2) figur...
