Jul 2026· Bilingualism: Language and Cognition· pp. 1-20· 0 citations· 54 references
Abstract
The structure of the bilingual mind has been the focus of many studies, especially regarding how different languages are stored and interact. Using the same sample pool of 101 Turkish–English bilinguals across eight experiments involving the masked priming paradigm, this extensive study investigated non-cognate translation priming, along with the potential effects of language direction (L1-to-L2 vs. L2-to-L1), task type (lexical decision task vs. semantic categorization task), prime duration (50 ms vs. 83 ms), individual differences (L2 proficiency, L2 immersion, and L2 dominance), and word frequency. The results revealed a prominent translation effect for both language directions across tasks and prime durations, with semantic categorization tasks eliciting more priming. Since 83-ms primes were largely visible, the findings reveal important differences between pre-conscious (50-ms primes) and conscious (83-ms primes) word processing. Overall, the findings support the quantitative models, Multilink in particular, highlighting that native-like L2 word processing can emerge in late bilinguals.
Most researchers assume language non-selective lexical access: when a target is presented, words sharing form and/or meaning are activated regardless of language and may compete for identification. Lexical decision studies have explored the lateral inhibition (LI) mechanism using orthographic substitution neighbors...
A. I. Fernandes, J. Haro, T. Dijkstra et al.· International Journal of Bil...· 0 citations
Abstract This study investigates the semantic representation of English psych verbs in Chinese-English bilinguals (CEBs) and how L2 proficiency modulates this process. A total of 180 CEBs, divided into low-, intermediate-, and high-proficiency groups, completed two masked priming experiments. Experiment 1 examined intr...
The impact of bilingualism on the Dual Mechanisms of Control (DMC) is unclear, with studies reporting differing effects on proactive, reactive, or both control modes, likely influenced by task-specific demands. To examine whether bilingual-monolingual differences in DMC depend on task demands, we administered three cog...
Research on the cognate facilitation effect (CFE) in sequential bilinguals and trilinguals' lexical processing has offered important insights into the structure of the multilingual mental lexicon. A key cross‐linguistic factor that has received particular attention is second language (L2) proficiency, yet its role in...
Hao Chen, Fei Gao, Chuqiao Song et al.· International Journal of App...· 0 citations
Second language (L2) processing engages both language-specific and domain-general control systems, yet how these systems vary with L2 proficiency remains unclear. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine neural activity during L2 English processing in Korean–English (K-E) bilinguals across three...
Joonwoo Kim, Jiyoun Choi, Yeonji Baik et al.· bioRxiv· 0 citations
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