Hyperuricemia in hospitalized patients with heart failure: prevalence and clinical correlates

Abstract

Background Hyperuricemia frequently accompanies heart failure (HF), yet hospital-based real-world data from China remain insufficient. We therefore evaluated the burden of hyperuricemia in hospitalized patients with HF and explored its associated clinical correlates. Methods We carried out a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of 1,985 patients admitted with HF. Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid ≥ 7.0 mg/dL in males and ≥ 6.0 mg/dL in females. Candidate correlates were examined using univariable and multivariable logistic regression models. To further characterize the findings, we additionally applied restricted cubic spline analyses, and subgroup analyses by sex and age, and NYHA class. Results The overall prevalence of hyperuricemia was 69.42%. Prevalence was similar across sex, age, and BMI groups, but differed by NYHA class. In the multivariable model, hyperuricemia was independently associated with markers of renal dysfunction, hemodynamic impairment, electrolyte imbalance, and metabolic disturbance. RCS analyses suggested nonlinear associations for potassium, BNP, eGFR, and HDL-C. Conclusion Hyperuricemia was highly prevalent among hospitalized patients with HF and was associated with multiple markers of renal dysfunction, hemodynamic impairment, electrolyte imbalance, and metabolic disturbance. These findings provide real-world evidence suggesting that hyperuricemia in hospitalized HF patients may reflect a broader cardiorenal and metabolic profile.