A novel, auxin-guided role for the polar PAX protein in establishing cell and tissue polarity that precedes and is independent of the polarization and activity of PIN auxin transporters is uncovered.
Abstract
In plants, the vascular network enables the transport of water, nutrients and metabolites. The vascular network formed in leaves is a striking example of tissue patterning, and leaf venation is a defining leaf feature. During patterning, veins arise from aligned, elongated procambial cells derived from undifferentiated ground meristem cells. The mechanisms behind procambial strand formation involving cell selection, polarization, alignment, elongation and division have remained elusive. Here we identify a previously uncharacterized role for the polar protein PAX in establishing coordinated cell and tissue polarity during this process. We uncover a novel, auxin-guided role for the polar PAX protein in establishing cell and tissue polarity that precedes and is independent of the polarization and activity of PIN auxin transporters. Our findings refine and redefine existing models of vascular patterning during vein network formation in plant leaves.
It is shown that developing leaves form a spatiotemporal oxygen gradient that is sensed through the oxygen-sensing machinery, revealing that oxygen acts as a positional cue in normal growth, guiding developmental trajectories.
A fundamental question in developmental biology is how highly complex, yet reproducible multicellular body plans form from a single cell. The multicellular haploid body of the land plant Marchantia polymorpha develops from a single isolated cell – the spore – that divides asymmetrically. This produces a small terminall...
Angiosperm seed formation requires the coordinated development of the products of double fertilization-the embryo and the endosperm. The endosperm mediates efficient nutrient transfer from surrounding maternal tissues to the developing embryo. This function requires a polarized tissue organization, which manifests as e...
Audrey Creff, Jack Rhodes, Camille Salaün et al.· Science· 0 citations
The formation of a functional body pattern by plant cells became the subject of large-scale genetic approaches in the early 1990s. Various concepts, which either excluded or included plant hormones, were debated for several years before the focus shifted to partly self-regulatory mechanisms that could involve polar aux...
T. Berleth, Christian S. Hardtke, Jim Mattson et al.· Planta· 0 citations
In plants, the shoot and root apical meristems drive post-embryonic development by tightly coordinating stem cell maintenance, cell proliferation, and differentiation. Among the hormonal regulators governing these processes, brassinosteroids (BRs) have emerged as important modulators of meristem function. Although BRs...
T. Barragán-Lozano, Wei-Yuan Song, Qian Ma et al.· Current opinion in plant bio...· 0 citations
Throughout their life cycle, plants are capable of forming organs by differentiating from special tissues called meristems. The shoot apical meristem (SAM) produces all above ground organs, such as leaves, axillary shoots, and flowers, through the continuous regeneration of stem cells. A delicate balance exists between...
Abas Mohammed, Hilal Eroğlu, S. Sağlam· European journal of biology· 0 citations
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