Skip to content
Open access

Gender Representation in School Textbooks: Patterns, Implications, and the Path Forward

Jul 2026 · International Journal of Social Sciences & Cultural Studies · Vol 2, pp. 30-36 · 0 citations · 29 references

Abstract

This research examined gender representation in the Portal to English Workbook for Grade 10 (Semester 1) school textbook, undertaken through a quantitative content analysis of seven categories: gender firstness, images, names, pronouns, adjectives, jobs and occupations, and the overall gender balance of the textbook. The study demonstrated a clear male bias across all categories. This bias was particularly pronounced for pronouns, images, and names. Furthermore, the Chi-Square test confirmed that this was a statistical reality, χ^2 (5) =31.27, p<.001. In other words, the Chi-Square test indicated difference between males and females in the school textbook. The findings suggest that similar to previous studies of Arabic textbooks and other studies beyond the Arab region, the textbook does not present a balanced gender representation but rather reproduces a male-centered pattern. The researchers of the study suggest that the textbooks must be revised in a gender-sensitive manner to ensure more equitable audio-visual and linguistic representation of males and females.

Read PDF

Similar papers

Open access Aug 2026

Gender Stereotypes in EYL Textbook Visual Imagery: Implications for Inclusive Classroom Learning

This study investigates gender representation in the My Next Words English textbook series, a nationally endorsed resource for Indonesian elementary schools. Using Critical Content Analysis (CCA), 882 human illustrations containing 2,150 characters were analyzed through Harper's Framework of Gender Stereotypes in Child...

S. Utami, Ulya Maulani Subhan, Ahmad Syairofi et al. · 0 citations
Open access Jul 2026

What lies beneath the text: Gender representation in a grade 4 English textbook

Learning materials at the elementary level are often used as the main source for developing students’ basic language skills. However, beyond their surface function, textbooks may also carry implicit meanings that influence how students understand the world around them. This study investigates the hidden curriculum embe...

Yulianto Aditia, I. Amalia, Quthrotun Ni'mah et al. · 0 citations
Open access Aug 2026

Gender Representation in Narrative Texts of Elementary School Indonesian Language Textbooks in the Merdeka Curriculum

Textbooks in elementary education function not only as learning resources but also as media that shape students’ understanding of gender roles through the representation of characters, activities, and social interactions. However, studies on gender representation in narsrative texts of Indonesian language textbooks und...

Elsa Rahmalia Putri, Nadia Tiara Antik Sari, Neneng Sri Wulan · 0 citations
Open access Jul 2026

Gendered Representation in Pakistani English Language Textbooks from a Multimodal Perspective

Language textbooks play a significant role in shaping students’ perspectives by promoting particular social and ideological viewpoints. This study conducts a multimodal critical discourse analysis of the latest eight secondary-level Pakistani English language textbooks to examine the visual and verbal representations o...

Sidra Mahmood, Surinderpal Kaur · 0 citations
Open access Aug 2026

Tomboy And Feminine Representations: Gender Standards in Children's Literature Written by Children in The Comics Next G

This study has two primary objectives. First, to analyze how the representations of tomboy and feminine characters are constructed in Komik Next G. Second, to examine whether this representation reproduces conventional gender stereotypes or offers alternative meanings of femininity. The method employed is qualitative d...

T. Prasetyo, Novi Siti Kussuji Indrastuti · 0 citations

We use cookies to run the site and, with your consent, for analytics and to show ads. See our Cookie Policy.