Inclusion of Autistic Individuals in Public Administration: A Multi-Method Insight from Italy

Abstract

Employment is a key social determinant of health, yet autistic individuals face high levels of unemployment, with consequences for well-being and social inclusion. This exploratory study examined stakeholder perceptions regarding the inclusion of autistic individuals in public administration employment within the Italian context, considering its potential role in advancing health equity through stable and regulated work environments. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted to explore perceptions of current inclusion measures, the importance of specific inclusion domains, and the usefulness of potential support tools. Participants (n = 62) included autistic adults, family members, and professionals with expertise in autism. Quantitative data were analyzed using non-parametric tests, while qualitative responses were examined through reflexive thematic analysis. Quantitative findings showed that educators express more positive views on existing measures and greater support for new interventions compared to family members; autistic participants report intermediate perspectives. Qualitative analysis identified five areas: recognition of autistic perspectives, need for interventions, support figures, work personalization, and staff training. Although the study does not evaluate intervention effectiveness, the findings highlight stakeholder priorities and perceived needs related to employment inclusion. While exploratory and based on a limited sample, the results may inform future research and the development of more inclusive public employment practices.