Green Development: Balancing Corporate Economic Interests and Ecological Environmental Protection Responsibilities

Abstract

Due to the stricter resource and environmental limitations, it is crucial for enterprises to undertake effective ecological environmental protection duties at the same time as seeking economic benefits. This topic has become an important issue in the study of sustainable business. By applying the theories of natural capital, corporate social responsibility (CSR) and green innovation strategy as the theoretical basis, this paper comprehensively reviews the research achievements in the field of corporate environmental responsibility and constructs a three-dimensional integrated analytical framework of "motivation-capability-context". The results are as follows: (1) The theory of natural capital modifies the traditional idea that ecological environment is an external factor of economic development, offering a scientific basis for corporate environmental strategies; (2) There is a significant positive interactive effect between ESG performance and green technological innovation, where R&D investment and information disclosure play a key role as the transmission channels; (3) The interaction between regulatory pressures, stakeholder's expectations from the market and internal corporate abilities jointly influences the environmental responsibility behaviour and decisions of enterprises. According to the above analytical framework, some policy suggestions such as improving environmental information disclosure regulations, strengthening green financial incentive systems and promoting the cooperative management of green supply chains have been put forward. These proposals provide theoretical basis and practical references for helping enterprises to achieve their green transformation.