Pengaruh Profitabilitas dan Kebijakan Dividen terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dengan Pengungkapan ESG Sebagai Variabel Moderasi

Abstract

This study aims to examine the effect of profitability and dividend policy on firm value with ESG disclosure as a moderating variable in energy sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2023–2025. This research employed a quantitative approach using secondary data collected from annual reports, financial statements, and sustainability reports. The sample consisted of 15 companies selected through purposive sampling, resulting in 45 observations. Data were analyzed using panel data regression and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) with EViews 12. The findings indicate that profitability and dividend policy have a positive and significant effect on firm value. Furthermore, ESG disclosure significantly strengthens the positive effect of profitability on firm value, suggesting that sustainability disclosure enhances investor confidence in profitable firms. Conversely, ESG disclosure weakens the positive effect of dividend policy on firm value, indicating that investors also consider companies’ commitments to sustainability initiatives when evaluating dividend decisions. These findings highlight that integrating strong financial performance with comprehensive ESG disclosure is essential for enhancing firm value and strengthening long-term competitiveness in the energy sector.