A systematic review of pico-scale Turgo turbine optimization for rural electrification: velocity triangle analysis, CFD, and additive manufacturing approaches

What is the upper-bound circularity performance of wind turbine blade recycling? A comparative assessment of mechanical, thermal, and chemical routes under current and optimised conditions.

The rapid deployment of wind energy is creating an end-of-life challenge for wind turbine blades (WTBs), whose large size and composite structure constrain recycling and material recovery. Existing studies compare WTB recycling technologies but rarely estimate upper-bound circularity performance under explicit technolo...

An integrated framework for PAT micro-hydropower: experimental characterization, NSGA-II impeller-volute optimization, and resin MSLA manufacturing

Pump-as-Turbine (PAT) technology offers a cost-effective route for micro-hydropower in off-grid Andean communities, but adoption remains limited: manufacturers rarely publish turbine-mode curves, and the available geometries were originally designed for pump operation. This paper presents a framework that combines base...

Modeling and Design Optimization of Looped Water Distribution Networks using MS Excel: Developing the Open-Source X-WHAT Model

Cost-effective water distribution network (WDN) design is crucial for reliable urban water supply. This paper introduces the open-source Excel for Water system Hydraulic Analysis Tool (X-WHAT) for WDN simulation and preliminary design. Unlike traditional spreadsheet approaches based on Hardy-Cross iteration, X-WHAT use...

Effect of blade thickness-to-depth ratio on a pico-scale crossflow turbine with convex trailing-edge blades

Influence of Geometric Parameters on Hybrid Darrieus–Savonius Hydrokinetic Turbine Performance: A CFD and Experimental Study

Reliable electricity supply in Colombia’s Non-Interconnected Zones requires sustainable and low-cost energy technologies. Vertical-axis hydrokinetic turbines are promising for this purpose; however, their relatively low power coefficient remains a major challenge. This study combines transient 2D and 3D k–ω SST computa...

Experimental Performance Comparison of Tubular, Modified NACA 6512, and Modified NACA 6524 Runner Configurations in a Michell–Banki Cross-Flow Turbine

Communities in non-interconnected zones frequently lack reliable access to centralized electricity networks. Michell–Banki cross-flow turbines are attractive for decentralized generation because of their simple construction, relatively low implementation cost, and stable operation under variable discharge. This study e...