OPERATIONAL OPTIMIZATION PROPOSAL FOR THE LA HUACANA MACHINING AND WELDING WORKSHOP UNDER THE LEAN SIX SIGMA APPROACH

Abstract

The metalworking industry plays a fundamental role in Mexico's economic and productive development due to its involvement in the manufacturing, repair, and maintenance of industrial equipment. However, many machining and welding workshops face challenges related to process organization, plant layout, inventory control, standardization of activities, and workplace safety, which limits their operational efficiency and competitiveness. In this context, the objective of this research is to develop an operational optimization proposal for the La Huacana Machining and Welding Workshop, located in Lázaro Cárdenas, Michoacán, through the application of the Lean Six Sigma approach. The research adopts a quantitative approach with a descriptive and propositional scope, supported by the DMAIC methodology (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control). Tools such as Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), risk analysis, plant layout redesign, the development of standardized operating procedures, and the implementation of an inventory control system and performance indicators are used to diagnose and analyze the current situation. The diagnostic results reveal operational waste, process variability, deficiencies in materials management, and risks associated with occupational health and safety. Furthermore, opportunities for improvement were identified related to workspace organization, optimization of material flow, and strengthening industrial safety conditions. It is concluded that the integration of Lean Six Sigma tools constitutes a viable alternative for increasing productivity, reducing unproductive time, improving decision-making, and strengthening the competitiveness of metalworking shops. Furthermore, the research provides empirical and methodological evidence for the application of continuous improvement strategies in small and medium-sized enterprises in the industrial sector.