Motivators and barriers to influenza vaccination among healthcare workers

Abstract

ABSTRACT Aimed to identify the key motivators and barriers influencing influenza vaccination uptake among healthcare workers -and to examine the behavioral, social, and practical factors associated with vaccination acceptance and future vaccination intentions. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess the social and behavioral drivers (BeSD) of influenza vaccination among healthcare workers. A total of 523 Jordanian healthcare workers employed in healthcare institutions across the three regions of Jordan were recruited. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests and Univariable logistic regression analyses were used. A total of 523 healthcare workers participated in the study, with 48.0% reporting receipt of the influenza vaccine within the previous three years. Awareness of influenza vaccination was high (96.2%), although only 24.1% considered its benefits very important and 31.7% perceived it as very safe. Previous vaccination experience was the strongest predictor of motivation to vaccinate (OR = 24.38, 95% CI: 15.33–38.76). Confidence in vaccine benefits (OR = 16.97, 95% CI: 10.95–26.29), vaccine effectiveness (OR = 15.08, 95% CI: 9.70–23.42), social responsibility (OR = 11.33, 95% CI: 7.51–17.09), and satisfaction with vaccination services (OR = 6.60, 95% CI: 4.45–9.79) were significantly associated with motivation to receive influenza vaccination (all p < .001). Influenza vaccination uptake among healthcare workers in Jordan remains suboptimal despite high awareness. Belief in vaccine benefits, effectiveness, and safety, along with previous vaccination experience, social influences, and vaccine accessibility, were key determinants of uptake and motivation. Targeted interventions addressing misconceptions and strengthening vaccine confidence may improve vaccination coverage among healthcare workers.