Parallel analog quantum simulation in homogeneous quantum gases

Abstract

Analog quantum simulation offers a powerful way to study strongly correlated quantum systems that are beyond the reach of classical computation. In this context, ultracold atomic gases have been demonstrated to be an exceptionally versatile and well-controlled platform for implementing various quantum Hamiltonians. In this work, we extend this level of control to a multiplexed configuration in which distinct quantum-simulation units are independently controlled and engineered starting from a single atomic cloud. We demonstrate multiplexed operation in two representative settings. First, by shaping box-trap potentials and separately controlling the evaporative cooling trajectories, we prepare subsystems at various temperatures across the superfluid transition of the unitary Fermi gas. Second, we demonstrate parallel quantum simulation of the Josephson Hamiltonian across distinct Josephson-junction quantum simulation units with individually tunable parameters, including local phase control to initialize the dynamics. Our scheme provides a versatile route toward systematic studies of dynamics and transport Hamiltonians in strongly correlated ultracold matter. Moreover, it is readily extendable to a wide range of atomic species, geometries, and dimensionalities.