IOT-Based Coal Mine Monitoring and Alert System using STM32F446RE
TL;DR
Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system effectively detects hazardous conditions, provides timely alerts, and supports remote supervision, thereby improving worker safety and operational efficiency.
Abstract
Coal mining is a high-risk industrial activity due to the presence of hazardous gases, fire hazards, and unstable environmental conditions that can endanger the lives of workers. Conventional monitoring systems often lack continuous real-time monitoring, remote accessibility, and efficient worker identification, reducing their effectiveness in preventing accidents. This paper presents an IoT-Based Coal Mine Monitoring and Alert System using the STM32F446RE microcontroller to enhance safety in mining environments. The proposed system integrates multiple sensors, including the MQ-4 methane gas sensor, MQ-7 carbon monoxide sensor, DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, and KY-026 flame sensor, to continuously monitor environmental conditions. An EM-18 RFID reader is employed for worker identification and attendance tracking, while a DS1307 Real-Time Clock (RTC) module provides accurate event timestamping. When any monitored parameter exceeds predefined safety limits, the system activates a buzzer to alert nearby workers immediately. Furthermore, a WE10 Wi-Fi module enables real-time transmission of sensor data to a cloud-based IoT dashboard, allowing remote monitoring, data visualization, and historical analysis. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system effectively detects hazardous conditions, provides timely alerts, and supports remote supervision, thereby improving worker safety and operational efficiency. The proposed solution is cost-effective, scalable, and suitable as a prototype for future smart mine safety applications.