Intergenerational programme as a strategy to enhance older adults’ life satisfaction in urban communities

Abstract

Population ageing is a global phenomenon, including in Indonesia, where the number of older adults continues to increase. Life satisfaction is an important indicator of subjective well-being among older adults and is influenced by social engagement and interpersonal relationships. Intergenerational programmes have been developed to strengthen interactions between older adults and younger generations; however, empirical evidence in urban communities in Indonesia remains limited. This study aims to analyse the effect of an Intergenerational Programme for Older Adults on their life satisfaction. A quasi-experimental study using a pretest–post-test control group design was conducted in Bogor City from February to November 2021. A total of 68 older adults (aged 60 years or older) were assigned to an intervention group (n = 34) or a control group (n = 34). The intervention group participated in the intergenerational programme for six weeks, while the control group received education via leaflets. Life satisfaction was measured using a modified Life Satisfaction Index–Short Form. Data were analysed using t-tests, chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression. Life satisfaction among older adults in the intervention group increased significantly after the programme (p < 0.001), whereas the control group showed no significant change (p = 0.919). Multivariate analysis indicated that gender had a significant effect on life satisfaction (p = 0.004), with female older adults more likely to achieve higher life satisfaction compared to male older adults. The intergenerational programme was associated with improved life satisfaction among older adults through enhanced social interaction and emotional connectedness. The programme has the potential to be developed as part of community-based older adult services in Indonesia.