A. Prasetyo

EFFECT OF PRE ANESTHETIC INTRAVENOUS KETAMINE ADMINSITRATION ON THE INCIDENCE OF POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING IN PATIENT UNDERGOING REGIONAL ANESTHESIA WITH SPINAL ANESTHESIA (SAB) TECHNIQUE

Patient recovery is disrupts by PONV, affecting 20%-30% and up to 80% in high risk groups. Although Subarachnoid Block carries lower PONV risk than general anesthesia, incidence remains significant when using neuraxial opioids. Administering low dose intravenous ketamine (0.25 mg/kg) may reduce PONV through opioid spar...