Author

Aveen Dayal

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#small language model Preprint Oct 2026

When Visual Evidence Is Insufficient: How Instructions, Post-Training, and Internal Activations Shape Refusal in Multimodal Language Models

For reliable deployment, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) should recognize when an image provides insufficient evidence to answer a question and withhold unsupported answers. Yet refusal alone is not necessarily evidence of such recognition: models may refuse because of unrelated safety constraints or without i...

Ananth K. Suresh, Aveen Dayal, K. Gouthaman et al. · 0 citations

#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Open-Vocabulary Audio-Visual Event Localization via Complex-Valued Fusion

Open-Vocabulary Audio-Visual Event Localization (OV-AVEL) labels each video segment with an event class, including classes that were never seen during training. The dominant pipeline uses a frozen multimodal foundation model (e.g. ImageBind) to embed the visual frame, the audio mel-spectrogram, and each candidate class...

A. Praveen, Koteswar Rao Jerripothula, Pratik Joshi et al. · 0 citations