Conference
Open access
2026
A hybrid IoT-machine learning framework for real-time detection and classification of milk adulterants
Milk adulteration is a growing public-health concern, as toxic substances such as urea, detergent, caustic soda, starch, formalin, and synthetic oils are commonly added to milk. Conventional laboratory testing is slow, costly, and poorly suited to decentralised use. This work proposes an IoT-based machine learning appr...
K. Himabindu, Bharat Tank, Soumya Das et al.
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