Minimized-controller voltage-matching strategy for mitigating overcharge risk in photovoltaic-storage battery systems.
Integrated photovoltaic-storage systems face a critical challenge: series-connected battery packs amplify performance inconsistency, leading to overcharge risks and reduced capacity utilization. Here, we reveal that a defective battery in a 4-cell series pack reaches 4.4 V during photo-charging, while normal cells rema...