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Javad Sarafraz

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Analysis of the Impact of Bilateral Monetary Agreements and Digital Currencies on International Oil and Gas Trade

International oil and gas trade has traditionally been founded upon the hegemony of the U.S. dollar and the petrodollar system over recent decades. This structural dependency has transformed Western-dominated financial networks into instruments of power projection and has given rise to a phenomenon referred to as weapo...

Javad Sarafraz · 0 citations

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