CAPNS1 restoration partially alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction and synaptic deficits in Alzheimer's disease through the Ca2⁺-CaMKIIβ-MAPK-PGC-1α axis.
Significantly, neuronal-specific CAPNS1 upregulation in APP/PS1 transgenic mice markedly improved mitochondrial cristae integrity, reversed hippocampal long-term potentiation deficits, increased dendritic spine density, and partially alleviated spatial memory deficits in behavioral tests.