Open access
Sep 2026
Visual Acuity: Comparison of ETDRS Charts Using Latin Letters, Tumbling E, or Landolt C Optotypes
Non-letter optotypes provide clinically useful and broadly comparable measures of VA at the population level supporting their use in clinical practice or population/clinical studies and wide variability means they cannot be considered interchangeable for individual subjects.
Michael Kalloniatis, Henrietta Wang, Kimberly Meier et al.
· Investigative Ophthalmology... · 0 citations