It is demonstrated that CHD2 dosage bidirectionally regulates lysosomal function and autophagosome flux to set the tempo of neuronal maturation, and that CHD2 and lysosomal homeostasis constitute a critical molecular axis regulating the pace of cortical development across evolution and disease.
O. Leonardi, E. Lewerissa, Davide Aprile et al.· bioRxiv· 3 citations
Haploinsufficiency in SYNGAP1 causes a severe neurodevelopmental syndrome. SYNGAP1 protein is mainly detected in neuronal synapses. However, SYNGAP1 RNA is more widely expressed and strongly regulated via alternative splicing: alternative 3’ splice site (A3SS) inclusion leads to non-productive transcripts that are degraded through nonsense-mediated decay. Recently, splice-switching oligonucleotides (SSOs) that redirect SYNGAP1 splicing to increase SYNGAP1 protein levels were developed. However, we hypothesized that during neuronal maturation, non-productive splicing may decrease to enhance functional transcripts in mature neurons. This would reduce the abundance of the SSO target transcript, limiting the potential for SSO treatment to increase neuronal SYNGAP1 expression. Using neural differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells, we show that the A3SS transcript is abundant in neural progenitors, astrocytes, microglia and immature neurons, with minimal presence in mature neurons. These data imply that SSOs targeting A3SS might lack therapeutic efficacy to rescue the neuronal phenotypes associated with SYNGAP1 haploinsufficiency. Graphical abstract
J. A. Kamp, K. N. Wijnant, N. Maas et al.· bioRxiv· 0 citations
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