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Ning Ding

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#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Improving Test-Time Scaling with Adaptive Looped Transformers

Looped transformers have demonstrated promising parameter efficiency by reusing layers for latent computation. Prior studies compare looped and non-looped models at matched parameters or per-token FLOPs. However, to the best of our knowledge, whether looping improves test-time scaling as outputs grow longer remains und...

Yi-Chen You, Tianyu Fu, Ao-Song Feng et al. · 0 citations

Draft-OPD: On-Policy Distillation for Speculative Draft Models

Draft-OPD, which uses target-assisted rollout for stable continuations and replays drafting from the verification-exposed error positions, allowing the drafter to learn from target feedback on both accepted and rejected proposals, focusing on the draft-induced errors that limit speculative acceptance.

Hao Lei, Ya-Fu Li, Haoran Zhang et al. · 10 citations · ⚡1
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Rethinking Critic Learning in PPO: Understanding and Mitigating Value Flattening

Value Flattening is identified as an important yet overlooked failure mode of critic learning in standard PPO and a simple sparse supervision strategy can mitigate it; SParse Proximal Policy Optimization is introduced, which applies the value loss to only a few well-separated states in each response to mitigate both ef...

Yi-Zhuo Li, Jian-Hao Yan, Yun Luo et al. · 1 citation
Jul 2026

Frontis-MA1: Training an AI4AI Model towards Recursive Self-Improvement in Machine Learning Engineering

OpenMLE is introduced, an open full-stack system for RSI research in MLE, spanning verifiable task environments with execution feedback, operator learning, and long-horizon search (OpenMLE-Evo) and enabling reproducible research on executable AI4AI toward RSI.

Junlin Yang, Che Jiang, Yu Fu et al. · 7 citations
#machine learning Preprint Aug 2026

Safin-1: Safety from Within through Memory-Native State Evolution

The routed-state interface unifies contextual memory and persistent capability adaptation within the model's native computation, reframing memory from a passive record of prior context into an active substrate for maintaining and evolving model behavior.

Ming Zhang, Kai-Sen Yang, Shu Yu et al. · 0 citations
Preprint Aug 2026

MARCH: Scaling Recurrent Memory with Content-Routed State Anchors

Memory-Anchor Routing across Context History (MARCH), a network architecture that effectively scales state-space models beyond a fixed-size dimension, while maintaining computational efficiency over long-sequences, is introduced.

Ming Zhang, Kai-Sen Yang, Shu Yu et al. · 1 citation
Review Aug 2026

SimpleOPD: Simple Tokenizer-Agnostic On-Policy Distillation for Long-Context Reasoning

This work introduces a student reference KL loss and mask the advantages of special termination tokens to mitigate the problem of excessive generation length and frequent truncation, and improves on science benchmarks such as HLE and HiPhO, suggesting that OPD transfers reasoning capabilities that generalize beyond the...

Hao-Nan He, Hao Lei, Yun Luo et al. · 5 citations · ⚡1

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