Outer membrane vesicles secreted by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli promote intracellular survival in macrophages and systemic infection by regulating mitophagy through the MSTRG.11745.1/gga-miR-15b-5p/TNFAIP3 axis
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a major extraintestinal pathogen responsible for severe systemic infections in poultry. It evades the immune system and establishes persistent infection by hijacking macrophages as its primary site of intracellular survival. During the pathogenic process, outer membrane vesic...