Open access
Aug 2026
Comparative Numerical Simulation on Heat Transfer Performance of CO2 and Water in Closed-Cycle Geothermal Development Systems
Driven by China’s “Dual Carbon” strategy, medium-deep closed-loop geothermal energy has become a mainstream clean heating technology owing to the advantage of “heat extraction without groundwater production”. However, its large-scale application is restricted by low single-well heat output and an unclear matching mecha...
Zhi-Yong Zhu, Heqing Lei, Zhi-Heng Li et al.
· Energies · 0 citations