Large Language Models (LLMs) have rapidly become important tools for science, education, medicine, and professional work. Despite their apparent simplicity from the user's perspective, effective and responsible use requires an understanding of how these systems work, what their limitations are, and how their outputs sh...
Despite their strong performance, large language models remain highly sensitive to prompt formulation. This issue is typically addressed at inference-time through manual prompt optimization, which introduces overhead and lacks scalability. Conversely, we focus on train-time approaches that build prompt robustness into...
Listwise preference feedback offers richer supervision for large language model (LLMs) alignment than pairwise comparisons, but a full ranking also reveals more sensitive user preferences. Existing privacy-preserving alignment methods focus mainly on pairwise feedback, while listwise alignment under local differential...
Junwei Chen, Manjiang Yu, Pengpeng Qiao et al.· 0 citations
Large reasoning models have recently demonstrated remarkable capabilities in solving complex tasks, where supervised fine-tuning (SFT) on long chain-of-thought data serves as a crucial foundation for eliciting and enhancing their reasoning abilities. Despite rapid progress in both improving and analyzing reasoning-orie...
Yongcan Yu, Kuangpu Guo, Jian Liang et al.· 0 citations
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Closing the gap between frontier and smaller language models is usually approached by distillation: fine-tuning the small model (student) on a frontier model's (teacher) outputs, which binds transfer to training compute and leaves the transferred knowledge largely opaque. We propose Artifact Distillation: a teacher sol...
Forecasting in the real world requires integrating structured time-series data with unstructured textual information, but existing methods are architecturally limited by fixed input/output horizons and are unable to model or quantify uncertainty. We address this challenge by introducing LLM-integrated Bayesian State sp...
Sungjun Cho, Changho Shin, Suenggwan Jo et al.· 0 citations
This study demonstrates that collaborating AI agents can select research questions, derive theoretical results and test their predictions experimentally, by investigating ensembles of quantum spins in diamond.
Elhocine Mansouri, Eiki Kimura, Masatoshi Koga et al.· 0 citations
Building and scaling computer-using agents (CUAs) across desktop, mobile, and web environments requires reliable task-completion verification for data curation, evaluation, and reinforcement learning. Typical automated approaches prompt vision-language models (VLMs) to judge trajectories or generate programs to inspect...
Qiushi Sun, Da Yu, Alexander Knop et al.· 0 citations
The findings highlight both similarities and differences in the application of counselling patterns across scenarios, showing the potential of LLM-based role-playing exercises to enhance counselling competencies and to identify areas for further refinement in virtual client simulations.
Eric Rudolph, P. Steigerwald, J. Albrecht· Educational Data Mining· 3 citations
Automated computational science could accelerate discovery by selecting, adapting and developing numerical methods. This prospect requires mathematical knowledge that AI systems can interpret and reuse with explicit guarantees. Here we present FARMS, a faithful and efficient foundation that transforms computational mat...
Clinical genomic analysis requires experts to integrate evolving guidelines, databases, and computational evidence to augment specialist genomic interpretation, and ClinGeX, a large-language-model agent that composes 105 curated executable skills through task-specific retrieval and dependency-aware orchestration, is de...
Q. Zheng, Weike Zhao, Yan-Jie Fan et al.· 0 citations
As AI's mathematical capabilities rapidly improve, meaningful benchmarks are shifting from university-level problems and math olympiads to research-level mathematics. The Ramanujan Challenge is a benchmark comprised of research-level problems in number theory, including unpublished results and open conjectures. It pres...
A. Sorani, Ashvni Narayanan, M. Shalyt et al.· 0 citations