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artificial intelligence

19,710 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

MoLRSI: A Recursive Self-Improving AI agent for Molecular Discovery

Molecular discovery requires navigating vast combinatorial search spaces while balancing competing biological objectives. AI agents can automate expert-defined molecular design protocols, but automation alone does not address how to optimize workflows for new tasks or improve their development through experience. Here...

Yi-Kun Zhang, Xi-Wei Cheng, Ming-Ze Yuan et al. · 1 citation
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

The Real Cost of Context: Predicting Compute Time and Energy Consumption in LLM Prefill and Decode Phases

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into agentic architectures has substantially increased token consumption, raising concerns about their energy footprint. Yet, estimating the energy consumption of proprietary API-based models remains challenging, and existing approaches focus primarily on generated output...

Lars Krupp, Daniel Gei{\ss}ler, Francisco M. Calatrava-Nicolas et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Review Oct 2026

Letting AI Formulate the Research Question: Autonomous Research Agents

Systems such as The AI Scientist have shown that AI agents can carry out and write up research, but in those demonstrations humans chose the research area and selected the outputs to show. We study letting the AI formulate the research question itself, and we report every run. Our system gives an off-the-shelf coding a...

K. Fujimura · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Emergence of the transformer architecture as the score of entropic laws of random measures

We show that the transformer architecture emerges as the score of last-token laws in a natural statistical model of language, where sentences are empirical measures of tokens, a language is a law on $P(S^d)$, and our prior belief is that sentences carry no structure at all. By the maximum-entropy principle, we select t...

Giacomo Greco · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

From Intent to Improvement: Agentic Dataset Search for Better Model Training

Finding training data in million-scale machine learning repositories is a Web search problem where text relevance is not enough. A query couples a semantic training goal with constraints such as task, license, and training stage, and the metadata that would verify them are often missing. Text retrieval ranks dataset ca...

Qiao-Sheng Chen, Kai Huang, Fan-Qi Zhou et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Non-Zero Radius: The Missing Component of Neural Networks

Inspired by the analogy between the all-or-none activation of biological neurons and the true-false of logic circuits, McCulloch and Pitts proposed a mathematical model of the biological neuron in 1943 with the aim of simulating logical reasoning. Although Norbert Wiener considered the model overly simplistic at the ti...

Tiansi Dong, Mateja Jamnik, Pietro Li\`o · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Category-Anchored Large Language Models for Next POI Recommendation

This work proposes ANCHOR, a category-anchored framework for semantic-to-entity grounding in next POI recommendation, which first estimates category-level mobility intent in a compact and stable semantic space, rather than predicting concrete POI entities directly.

Le-Xi Bai, Xiao-Peng Zeng, Xun Zhou et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

DEG: Diffusion-Enhanced GFlowNet for Solving Vehicle Routing Problems

Traditional neural solvers for solving vehicle routing problems (VRPs) often suffer from limited solution diversity, motivating the development of Generative Flow Network (GFlowNet)-based models. However, the effectiveness of these models is frequently constrained by insufficient flow expansion in high-reward regions,...

Ni Zhang, Zhiqin Zhang, Ling Pan et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Compile Away Uncertainty: Self-Evolving Agent Skills via Programmatic Compilation

Self-evolving agent skills enable AI agents to accumulate and refine reusable procedural knowledge from interaction experience without updating model parameters. However, since such skills are typically represented as textual documents and executed through LLM reasoning, even previously learned procedures must be repea...

Chengyu Yang, Yunxiang Zheng, Zongzheng Li et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

What Breaks When Facts Become Stories? The Distortions Source-Agreement Metrics Miss When Models Retell Real Events

Language models are now widely used to turn recorded facts into media for public consumption, yet evaluation of such output still assumes agreement with the source as its measure of success. In reconstruction, where departing from the source can itself be the goal, this criterion measures the wrong construct: applied a...

Kwangsuk Park, JiWoong Yang, Vaniushkina Kseniia · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Integrated Feature Selection for classification and Representation Learning with Group-Lasso Siamese Networks

The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (Lasso) has been widely employed for feature selection in linear models and has also been extended to multi-layer perceptron (MLP) networks for both feature and group feature selection. Group-Lasso has also been used in feature selection using feed-forward neural netw...

Nisargo Ranjan Pal, Pradeep Singh · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Does Scaling Toward AGI Depend on What System-1 Lets System-2 Execute?

Progress toward artificial general intelligence (AGI) has largely relied on scaling a resource-intensive executive, System-2, through larger models, more data and compute, longer reasoning, and more agents. We ask whether the next stage may come instead from co-designing it with System-1, a lightweight, semantically aw...

Qi Wang, Yun Qu, Lizhou Cai et al. · 0 citations

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