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artificial intelligence

19,709 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Are LLM Safety Judges Policy-Invariant? A Three-Principle Stress-Test

LLM-as-a-Judge pipelines have become the de facto evaluator for agent safety, yet existing benchmarks treat their verdicts as ground-truth proxies without checking whether the verdicts depend on the agent's behavior or merely on how the evaluation policy happens to be worded. We argue that any trustworthy safety judge...

Shihao Weng, Yang Feng, Xiaofei Xie · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Nov 2026

AAC: Admissible-by-Architecture Differentiable Landmark Compression for ALT

We introduce the Architecturally Admissible Compressor (AAC), which adapts landmark-based A* heuristics to query demand under a fixed label-memory budget. AAC provides two continuous relaxations of ALT (A*, Landmarks, and Triangle inequality) selection. With exact landmark distances, every parameter value defines a low...

An T. Le, Vien Ngo · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Nov 2026

AgentSelect: Benchmark for Narrative Query-to-Agent Recommendation

LLM agents are rapidly becoming the practical interface for task automation, yet the ecosystem lacks a principled way to choose among an exploding space of deployable configurations. Existing LLM leaderboards and tool/agent benchmarks evaluate components in isolation and remain fragmented across tasks, metrics, and can...

Yunxiao Shi, Wujiang Xu, Tingwei Chen et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Nov 2026

ASTRA-bench: Evaluating Tool-Use Agent Reasoning and Action Planning with Personal User Context

Next-generation AI must manage vast personal data, diverse tools, and multi-step reasoning, yet most benchmarks remain context-free and single-turn. We present ASTRA-bench (Assistant Skills in Tool-use, Reasoning \& Action-planning), a benchmark that uniquely unifies time-evolving personal context with an interactive t...

Zidi Xiu, David Q. Sun, Kevin Cheng et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Nov 2026

ProMoral-Bench: Evaluating Prompting Strategies for Moral Reasoning and Safety in LLMs

Prompt design affects the moral judgments and refusal behavior produced by large language models (LLMs), yet controlled comparisons remain fragmented across datasets and models. We introduce ProMoral-Bench, a benchmark-style comparison of 10 prompting paradigms across four LLM families. Using ETHICS, Scruples, WildJail...

Rohan Subramanian Thomas, Shikhar Shiromani, Abdullah Chaudhry et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Nov 2026

When LLM Routers Overpay: The Cost of Strong-Model Preference

LLM routing aims to reduce inference costs by assigning easy queries to less expensive models and reserving stronger models for cases in which they are needed. However, we find that existing routers often violate this principle under loose cost budgets: as the budget increases, they increasingly select the strongest an...

Guannan Lai, Long Chen, Han-Jia Ye · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Position: Agentic Evolution is the Path to Evolving LLMs

As Large Language Models (LLMs) move from curated training sets into open-ended real-world environments, a fundamental limitation emerges: static training cannot keep pace with continual deployment environment change. Scaling training-time and inference-time compute improves static capability but does not close this tr...

Minhua Lin, Hanqing Lu, Zhan Shi et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Depth-Recurrent Attention Mixture (Dreamer): Giving Latent Reasoning the Attention it Deserves

Depth-recurrence facilitates latent reasoning by sharing parameters across depths. However, prior work lacks combined FLOP-, parameter-, and memory-matched baselines, underutilizes depth-recurrence due to partially fixed layer stacks, and ignores the bottleneck of constant hidden-sizes that restricts many-step latent r...

Jonas Knupp, Jan Hendrik Metzen, Jeremias Bohn et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Cognitive Foundations for Reasoning and Their Manifestation in LLMs

Large language models (LLMs) solve complex problems yet fail on simpler variants, suggesting they achieve correct outputs through mechanisms fundamentally different from human reasoning. To understand this gap, we synthesize cognitive science research into a taxonomy of 28 cognitive elements spanning reasoning invarian...

Shuyue Stella Li, Priyanka Kargupta, Haocheng Wang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Nov 2026

ARMs: Adaptive Red-Teaming Agent against Multimodal Models with Plug-and-Play Attacks

As vision-language models (VLMs) gain prominence, their multimodal interfaces also introduce new safety vulnerabilities, making the safety evaluation challenging and critical. Existing red-teaming efforts are either restricted to a narrow set of adversarial patterns or depend heavily on manual engineering, lacking scal...

Zhaorun Chen, Xun Liu, Mintong Kang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Nov 2026

SOCIA-$\nabla$: Textual Gradient Meets Multi-Agent Orchestration for Automated Simulator Generation

In this paper, we present SOCIA-$\nabla$, a diagnosis-driven multi-agent framework for automated simulator-code construction. SOCIA-$\nabla$ iteratively refines executable simulator code within a textual computation graph, where LLM-driven agents synthesize, execute, evaluate, diagnose, and repair simulators. A grounde...

Yuncheng Hua, Sion Weatherhead, Mehdi Jafari et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Nov 2026

XStack: A Benchmark for ML Repo Migration

ML code should run where researchers choose, not where it was first written. Today, machine learning code mainly lives in two ecosystems, PyTorch on NVIDIA GPUs and JAX on Google TPUs. Migrating repositories between them means building and testing across frameworks and hardware. This migration is (1) a practical need,...

Linrong Cai, Taiming Lu, Haozhe Chen et al. · 0 citations

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