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artificial intelligence

19,710 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Head Dimension Matters in Language Models for Long-Context Retrieval

Multi-head attention retrieves and combines context representations through query--key interactions and value aggregation, with head dimension constraining the per-head representation space. In long-context processing, it remains unclear whether allocating a fixed parameter budget to fewer, wider heads improves informa...

Seiya Tokui, Shoichiro Yamaguchi, Sosuke Kobayashi · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

SOPO: Socratic Guided Policy Optimization for Span-Level Hallucination Detection

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained widespread adoption in various natural language processing tasks, but suffer from hallucination issues where they generate unfaithful or inconsistent content. While Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has shown promising applications in reasoning tasks, its app...

Jia-Wei Dong, Zi-Long Bai, Peng-Tian Zhu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Do VLAs Know They Will Fail? Interpretable Success and Failure Patterns in Physical AI Systems

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as powerful general-purpose robot policies, but their successes and failures remain difficult to diagnose and understand. In this work, we show that sparse autoencoder (SAE) representations of OpenVLA activations contain outcome-predictive information and can be used to...

Christian A. Rogers, Qian Lin, Daniel S. Brown · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Principia: Test-Time Hypotheses to Principle Construction for Scientific Discovery

Scientific discovery requires identifying the scientific principles underlying observed phenomena to guide further investigation. As these empirical principles are often unknown in complex discovery processes, they are constructed via a hypotheses-to-principle pipeline to obtain recurring causalities from progressively...

Dongki Kim, Sangwoo Park, Jinheon Baek et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Dual-Adaptive Z-Score PPO: Dynamic Clipping Using Action Confidence and Normalized Advantage Magnitude

Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) remains a popular on-policy reinforcement learning algorithm owing to its stability and ease of implementation. Its clipping threshold, however, is fixed, so every training sample receives the same trust-region width regardless of how reliable the corresponding policy update is. This...

Taha M. Mahmoud, Naima Kaabouch · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Uni-Stream: A Unified Streaming Speech Language Model for Speech Synthesis and Recognition

Unified streaming speech language models aim to support speech recognition and synthesis within a single model, enabling real-time human-computer interaction. However, jointly supporting these two directions of speech-text conversion while preserving task-specific performance remains challenging. We propose Uni-Stream,...

Xuan Shi, Chang Zeng, Tiantian Feng et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Searching with Sparse Histories: Cross-Task Architecture Search from Incomplete Search Logs and Zero-Cost Proxies

Neural architecture search (NAS) is expensive, but cross-task transfer can reduce costs by reusing knowledge from previous tasks. However, existing methods struggle with sparse search histories and task-specific transfer failures. We propose a method, a risk-robust strategy that combines sparse source logs with zero-co...

Yuefeng Xu, Jun Yu · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

MG-REPA: Multi-Granularity Representation Alignment for Generative Target Speaker Extraction

Generative target speaker extraction (TSE) models achieve high-quality extraction, but suffer from considerably slow training convergence. Representation Alignment (REPA) accelerates diffusion transformer training by aligning hidden states with a pre-trained Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) teacher. However, existing ali...

Dohwan Kim, Jung-Woo Choi · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Sparsity-driven emergence of functional modularity in multitask neural networks

Neural networks can learn multiple tasks, but how learning organizes shared computation into specialized and reusable components remains poorly understood. In this work, we show that sparsity inducing regularization promotes functional modularity in multitask networks without predefined module boundaries. Using functio...

Bowen Shi, Qi Ouyang, Long Qian · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

The LLENS Platform for On-Premises Large Language Model Agents in a Japanese University Hospital: Development and Evaluation Study

Large language model agents that use tools could take on part of the electronic health record and desk work that occupies physicians' time, but in many hospitals the medical information systems run inside closed networks, so the model and the agent harness must also be inside the network. We designed, implemented, and...

Ken Enda, Jien Saito, Masami Mukai et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Implicit Neural Representations for Variational Problems on Graphons

We propose a neural exploratory framework for variational problems over graphons, i.e., symmetric measurable functions $[0,1]^2 \to [0,1]$, that arise as limits of dense graph sequences. Such problems are central to two parts of the mathematical literature: extremal graph theory, which studies graph parameter optimisat...

Taeyoung Kim, Jineon Baek, Joonkyung Lee et al. · 1 citation
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Rethinking LoRA Initialization for Robust Asymmetric Learning Rates

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is often highly sensitive to learning-rate (LR) choices. Recent empirical studies suggest that, once LRs are carefully tuned, vanilla LoRA can remain competitive with many proposed LoRA variants. This shifts the central practical question from designing ever more variants to reducing the cost...

Disen Liao, Yaoliang Yu · 0 citations

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