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artificial intelligence

19,710 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

MLEvolve: A Self-Evolving Framework for Automated Machine Learning Algorithm Discovery

Large language model (LLM) agents are increasingly applied to long-horizon tasks such as scientific discovery and machine learning engineering (MLE), where sustained self-evolution becomes a key capability. However, existing MLE agents suffer from isolated exploration, inefficient experience reuse, and lack of hierarch...

Shangheng Du, Xiangchao Yan, Jinxin Shi et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

MENTOR: A Metacognition-Driven Self-Evolution Framework for Uncovering and Mitigating Implicit Domain Risks in LLMs

Ensuring the safety of Large Language Models (LLMs) is critical for real-world deployment. However, current safety measures often fail to address implicit, domain-specific risks. To investigate this gap, we introduce a dataset of 3,000 annotated queries spanning education, finance, and management. Evaluations across 14...

Liang Shan, Kaicheng Shen, Wen Wu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Overview of CHIP 2026 Shared Task 1: Patient-Specific Phenotype Concept Recognition in Full-Text Biomedical Literature

Automatic phenotype information extraction plays an important role in rare disease diagnosis, genotype-phenotype analysis, and precision medicine. However, accurately identifying phenotype concepts and determining their associations with specific patients remain challenging, particularly in full-text biomedical article...

Xuanlyu Zhu, Feng Tian, Yang Zhong et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

VEILED-SH: Vulnerability Expression through Indirect Language Evaluation Dataset (Self-Harm)

AI systems may miss indirect, culturally situated distress or provide support mismatched to the application context. Existing benchmarks do not jointly address cultural variation, application context, and practitioner disagreement. We introduce VEILED-SH, a benchmark and construction methodology for evaluating single-t...

Leanne Tan, Keith Chua, Shaun Khoo et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Interrupting the Loop: Periodic Subject Changes Raise Judged Surprise and Connection in Base Language Models

Where does the novelty a base language model produces with no task come from, and what can an LLM judge of a long stream actually see? We dismantle a cognitively inspired generation loop over 24 conditions on three base models. Most of its effect lives in one operation: a new subject injected every few hundred tokens (...

Roberto I. Ono Filho · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Aug 2026

Mimir: A Sub-2B Hierarchical Reasoning Model Trained on Permissible Data Punches Above Its Weight Class

This work introduces Mimir, a 1.78B-parameter language model based on the Hierarchical Reasoning Model Text (HRM-Text) architecture, a recurrent-depth transformer whose layers are split into a low-level and high-level stack that are applied repeatedly in an interleaved schedule.

Peter Schneider-Kamp, Jacob Nielsen, Gianluca Barmina et al. · 1 citation
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Latent Bridges for Multi-Table Question Answering

We introduce GRAB, a constructor-encoder-bridge pipeline for table question answering. Our method lifts relational data into an heterogeneous graph, encodes it via message passing, and transfers the signals to an LLM through a small set of query-conditioned latent tokens. This provides the LLM with a compact, task-rele...

Simone Varriale, Tamara Cucumides, Floris Geerts et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Beyond Prompt and Parser Engineering: Soft-Prompt Tuning for Automated LLM Evaluation

Benchmark scores often misrepresent a large language model's (LLM's) knowledge, because they rely, e.g., on the model's ability to follow specific formatting requirements. This especially penalizes base models that may know the correct answers but lack the ability -- typically introduced in post-training -- to structur...

Selen Erkan, Bastian Boll, Kristian Kersting et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Hacking Generative Perplexity: Why Unconditional Text Evaluation Needs New Metrics

Diffusion language models (DLMs) have emerged as the leading non-autoregressive alternative to language modeling. Because their likelihoods are intractable, generative perplexity (gen-PPL) has become the de facto standard for reporting unconditional generation quality. We analyze why gen-PPL is unreliable as a measure...

Antonio Franca, Alexander Tong · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Confidence and Calibration of Activation Oracles for Reliable Interpretation of Language Model Internals

An activation oracle is a language model trained to convert the activations of another model into natural language. However, it is so far unclear to what extent these verbalizations are calibrated. Crucially, the oracle's verbalization come without any measure of confidence. Here, we compare five methods for estimating...

Federico Torrielli, Peter Schneider-Kamp, Lukas Galke Poech · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

How Far Will They Go? Red-Teaming Online Influence with Large Language Models

As large language model (LLM)-based agents increasingly participate in online discourse, red-teaming their capacity to support political influence campaigns is critical for information integrity. In pursuit of this goal, we focus on locally deployable open-source LLMs under an assumed threat model in which an operator...

Daniel C. Ruiz, Anna Serbina, Ashwin Rao et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

FormalASR: End-to-End Spoken Chinese to Formal Text

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems are typically optimized for verbatim transcription, which preserves disfluencies, filler words, and informal spoken structures that are often unsuitable for downstream writing-oriented applications. A common workaround is a two-stage ASR+LLM pipeline for post-editing, but this...

Wanyi Ning, Yinshang Guo, Haitao Qian et al. · 0 citations

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