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artificial intelligence

20,463 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

HSPR: Recovering Software-Agent Benchmark Scores via Hierarchical Posterior Inference

Evaluating software agents on a full benchmark is expensive. A small task subset can preserve agent rankings while yielding inaccurate scores. Historical responses provide useful structure, but tasks with identical source responses can have different outcomes for a new target agent. We introduce Hierarchical Score Post...

Wanyi Chen, Wanqin Shen, Yuanchen Shi et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

HABIT-Bench: Evaluating Habit Induction from Longitudinal Weak Evidence in Agent Memory

In long-term interactions with large language model (LLM) agents, users reveal habits through their choices and actions. These habits capture implicit user information that agents must infer across conversations. However, individual observations may provide only partial evidence about a habit or when it applies. Retain...

Junming Zhang, Rubin Wei, Xu Cheng et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

AM-Bench: A Unified Taxonomy and Evaluation Suite for Agentic Misalignment

As LLM-based agents are deployed with increasing autonomy in real-world environments, a critical failure mode emerges: agentic misalignment, where agents choose harmful actions over failure. However, existing safety benchmarks primarily evaluate whether agents comply with explicitly harmful instructions, leaving the co...

Eric Zhang, Terry Jingchen Zhang, Chijioke Ugwuanyi et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

TorchTPU - A Hybrid Eager/Compiled Architecture for Native PyTorch Execution on TPU

TorchTPU is an open-source collaboration between Google and Meta that introduces a native and principled PyTorch backend for Google TPUs. It enables seamless out-of-the-box model execution and TPU migration while delivering industry-competitive inference and training performance through eager execution optimizations, t...

Claudio Basile, Michael Voznesensky, Gunhyun Park et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Beyond Large Language Models: A Mental World Model Framework for Mental Modeling, Simulation, Evolution, and Interpretability

The results demonstrate that MMEA provides an interpretable framework for continuous mental modeling, enabling AI to move beyond surface-level semantic representations to infer individuals'underlying mental states from linguistic information and dynamically simulate their internal cognitive processes and evolution over...

Qing-Shi Wang, Hui-Qi Tong · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Ask the World Before Acting: Environment Probing for Calibrating Agent World Models

Long-horizon language agents enable autonomous decision-making in complex environments by planning and executing sequences of interdependent actions. To act reliably, these agents must maintain an accurate world model that tracks the environment's evolving state and supports subsequent decisions. However, as interactio...

Xinyuan Song, Zekun Cai · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Teaching the Way, Not the Answer: Privileged Tutoring Distillation for Multimodal Policy Optimization

Recent post-training methods, particularly Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR), have significantly enhanced the reasoning ability of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs). However, the sparse nature of verifiable rewards provides little token-level supervision for failed rollouts, often leading to inef...

Shizhe Xiang, Ke An, Wenlong Yu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

The Shape of Wisdom: How Language Models Converge on an Answer

When a language model answers a factual question, where does its internal state go? We asked four open models (Llama-3.1-8B, Qwen2.5-7B, Gemma-2-9B and Llama-3.2-1B) 2,256 factual questions whose answers recur, such as the country a person is a citizen of. At every layer, we recorded the state from which the answer is...

Shailesh Rana · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Who Can Change Course? An Integrative Review of AI Sovereignty and Collective Learning Capacity

AI sovereignty is commonly associated with control over data, infrastructure and technological dependencies. This integrative review examines how institutions convert those resources into capabilities that remain accountable and open to revision. It brings together 72 references on digital sovereignty, absorptive capac...

Kim Phuc Tran · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

PReMISE: Policy Rubrics as Measurement Specifications for LLM Judges

LLM judges are increasingly used to evaluate open-ended responses, but their scores depend strongly on the rubrics that condition them. A vague rubric asking for a response to be ``helpful and factual'' can reward polished answers that invent facts or violate user intent. We treat reusable rubrics as measurement specif...

Swastik Roy, Rajkumar Pujari, Tharindu Kumarage et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Beyond a Single Direction: Chain-of-Thought Disrupts Simple Steering of Refusal

Large reasoning models (LRMs) generate chain-of-thought (CoT) traces before producing final outputs, introducing a dynamic internal state that may complicate control mechanisms such as refusal. Unlike instruction-tuned LLMs, where refusal is mediated by a single directional subspace, refusal in large reasoning models (...

Kia-J\"ung Yang, Dominik Meier, Jiachen Zhao et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Learning Transferable Latent User Preferences for Human-Aligned Decision Making

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as reasoning modules in many applications, yet they often struggle to produce human-aligned decisions. Human-aligned decision-making requires accounting for both explicitly stated goals and latent user preferences that shape how ambiguous situations should be resolved....

Alina Hyk, Sandhya Saisubramanian · 0 citations

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Hugging Face Blog Nov 10, 2026

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