Self-distillation methods for large language models with an exponential moving average (EMA) teacher already retain a history of student updates. Muon nevertheless stores a separate momentum buffer, increasing persistent training memory. We propose Muon with Reused Teacher (Muon-RT), which reuses the teacher-student di...
This work theoretically study how stochastic rounding (SR) affects prediction risk as model size, training time, and precision change, and derives how the smallest prediction error decreases with compute, and identifies model sizes and training times that achieve optimal-compute scaling.
Reinforcement learning (RL) post-training of language models keeps fp32 master weights in the optimizer and serves rollouts from a bf16 copy produced by round-to-nearest conversion. At the learning rates in common use, most per-step updates are smaller than half a bf16 spacing and the conversion discards them: on Qwen3...
Since large language model (LLM) agents rely on long-term memory, what they store now shapes what they do later. A memory manager decides how each input changes this memory and which records the agent acts on. It can fail in two ways: keeping a fact that has since changed (outdated memory), or storing a planted passage...
As Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) large language models are increasingly deployed in distributed environments, from federated learning to edge-cloud systems, their architecture harbors an underexplored landscape of security vulnerabilities. Moving beyond textual analysis, we uncover structural memorization: a novel vulnerabi...
Web overlays, such as cookie consent banners, newsletter prompts, and age gates, obstruct automated web crawlers and degrade downstream document representations. While proprietary multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) can accurately identify overlays, their latency and inference cost preclude web-scale ingestion. Co...
Jiannan Huang, Jerry Ding, Li Yu et al.· 0 citations
Robot perception is increasingly data driven, yet field data is slow, costly, and sometimes disruptive to collect. Video world models offer a cheaper source: seeded with real frames, they extend a recorded scene into new footage with the deployment's sensor, altitude, and environment. We ask whether such synthetic data...
Rugved Katole, Vedant Patil, Jenna Kline et al.· 0 citations
EDB-Bio is introduced, a scientific reasoning benchmark curated from real-world data in three biological domains: drug-perturbation transcriptomics, CRISPR screens, and human genome-wide association studies (GWAS).
C. Igoe, Gabriel Grand, Zane Koch et al.· 0 citations
Production large language models sometimes reward-hack, exploiting flaws in how tasks are scored rather than performing the tasks as intended, sometimes in highly sophisticated and adversarial ways. We investigate the motivations driving this behavior in GPT 5.6 Sol, GPT 5.5, and a checkpoint of OpenAI o3 without safet...
Aghyad Deeb, Ryan Greenblatt, Alex Mallen· 0 citations
Vision-language-action models (VLAs) map language instructions and visual observations to robot actions, showing strong capabilities across robotic manipulation tasks. However, in our probing experiment, we find that action representations near the action output do not fully preserve task-relevant visual grounding. Mot...
Guangyu Zhao, Yongchang Zhang, Haoxuan Ru et al.· 0 citations
Steering vectors (SVs) are residual-stream directions that shift the behavior of LLMs when added to hidden states at inference time. While prior work has mainly used SVs as post-hoc controls, we ask whether the same directions can also guide parameter updates during post-training. We study this question across supervis...
Tiejin Chen, Maunil Vyas, Huaiyuan Yao et al.· 0 citations
Recent progress in deep learning has substantially advanced automated grading of ophthalmologic pathologies, supported by large annotated datasets and improved representation learning. However, a significant gap remains between state-of-the-art performance and clinical scalability. In particular, foundation models have...
Andre Guarnier De Mitri, Giovani Decico Lucafo, Miller Matheus Lima Anacleto Rocha et al.· 0 citations