diffusion models

Reducing Hydrogen Diffusion Losses by Modification of Fluoroplastic Barrier Coatings for Increasing Efficiency and Safety of Hydrogen Transportation

High pressure hydrogen transport can cause hydrogen embrittlement of steel pipelines, leading to loss of mechanical integrity and failures. Therefore, protective internal coatings are required to reduce hydrogen permeability. In this work, the effect of composite fluoropolymer coatings modified with carbon nanotubes (C...

Numerical study on leakage diffusion characteristics and hazard boundaries of buried hydrogen-blended natural gas risers

Leakage from buried hydrogen blended natural gas (HBNG) pipelines can cause gas migration through porous soil and accumulation at the ground surface, creating fire and explosion hazards. Vertical risers, owing to stress concentration and distinct leakage patterns, exhibit hazard evolution different from horizontal pipe...

High codimension bifurcations and complex pattern selection in a diffusive Leslie–Gower predator–prey model with Bazykin functional response

Most existing studies on diffusive predator–prey systems mainly focus on codimension-1 Turing and Hopf bifurcations, while the role of higher codimension bifurcations in complex pattern selection and spatiotemporal dynamics remains far from fully understood. Therefore, we investigate a generally diffusive Leslie–Gower...

The impact of molecular transport in turbulent non-premixed NH3/H2/N2 jet flames at elevated pressures

The modelling of turbulent combustion of ammonia is particularly challenging due to the complex chemistry featuring an exceptionally wide range of primary chemical time-scales demanding accurate inclusion of turbulence–chemistry interactions. The latter are here treated using a transported joint-scalar probability dens...

A phenomenological stress decomposition framework for electro–mechanical state awareness in all-solid-state batteries

All-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) exhibit strong electro–mechanical coupling behavior due to stress-dependent solid–solid interfacial contact, making accurate state estimation challenging. To address this issue, an electro–mechanical coupling modeling and joint state estimation framework based on mechanical stress evol...

Rapid estimation of structural brain disconnection from binary lesion masks using DeepDisco

Mapping how focal brain lesions disrupt structural connectivity is key to understanding cognition, behavior, and neurological outcomes. However, traditional diffusion tractography pipelines are computationally intensive, require specialized data and expertise, and remain inaccessible for many research and clinical ap...

Deep learning-based prediction of HER2 status from breast diffusion-weighted MRI

Background and objective The accurate classification of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status is very important for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. However, the biopsy, the current gold standard for differentiating HER2 status, is invasive and time-consuming. To overcome these drawbacks,...

OxideMatterGen: fine-tuned MatterGen checkpoints for inert-anode design in fluoride and chloride molten salts

Fine-tuned MatterGen diffusion-model checkpoints accompanying the paper An Environment-Conditioned Generative Model Designs Inert Anodes across Opposite Molten-Salt Chemistries. Three fifteen-property fine-tunes of the public MatterGen base checkpoint, trained on 30,161 transition-metal oxides from Alex-MP-20 with iden...

OxideMatterGen: fine-tuned MatterGen checkpoints for inert-anode design in fluoride and chloride molten salts

Fine-tuned MatterGen diffusion-model checkpoints accompanying the paper An Environment-Conditioned Generative Model Designs Inert Anodes across Opposite Molten-Salt Chemistries. Three fifteen-property fine-tunes of the public MatterGen base checkpoint, trained on 30,161 transition-metal oxides from Alex-MP-20 with iden...

Adversarial Attack via Latent Feature Attribution of Diffusion Models

Traditional adversarial attacks are constrained by \({l_p}\) norm limits, resulting in adversarial examples with high-frequency noise that compromise their imperceptibility. In contrast, attacks using diffusion models without \({l_p}\) norm constraints can generate visually more covert adversarial examples; however, ex...

Hyperspherical Semantic Trajectory Analysis: Mapping Technological Diffusion across Academic Preprints, Patent Signals, and Compute Scaling

Decellularization in Regenerative Medicine: State-of-the-Art and Emerging Frontiers

Abstract There is a huge gap between the number of donors available and the number of patients in need of organ transplants. Decellularisation of organs and tissues has emerged as a pivotal approach in regenerative medicine, enabling the creation of natural extracellular matrix scaffolds for human organ regeneration. T...