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large language models

2,658 papers

#machine learning Open access May 2025

Token-Mol 1.0: tokenized drug design with large language models

Token-Mol is presented, a token-only 3D drug design model that encodes both 2D and 3D structural information, along with molecular properties, into discrete tokens, which introduces a Gaussian cross-entropy loss function tailored for regression tasks, enabling superior performance across multiple downstream application...

Ji-Ke Wang, Rui Qin, Mingyang Wang et al. · 30 citations · ⚡1
#machine learning Open access Nov 2025

A fused deep learning approach to transform drug repositioning

A deep learning framework that integrates knowledge graph embedding and pre-training strategies to overcome the intractable cold start issue, achieving superior performance and interpretability in drug repurposing is introduced.

Kun Li, Jiacai Yi, Qing Ye et al. · 1 citation
#machine learning Open access Jun 2025

HiCLR: Knowledge-Induced Hierarchical Contrastive Learning with Retrosynthesis Prediction Yields a Reaction Foundation Model

HiCLR is the first foundation model that can be broadly applied to various synthesis-related tasks, and it achieves state-of-the-art performance in reaction classification, reaction condition recommendation, reaction yield prediction, synthesis planning, and even molecular property prediction.

Jialu Wu, Yiheng Zhu, Xiaorui Wang et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Open access Jul 2025

RSGPT: a generative transformer model for retrosynthesis planning pre-trained on ten billion datapoints

RSGPT, a generative model pre-trained on ten billion data points, achieving state-of-the-art performance for synthesis planning, and introduces reinforcement learning to capture the relationships among products, reactants, and templates more accurately.

Yafeng Deng, Xinda Zhao, Hanyu Sun et al. · 18 citations · ⚡2
#machine learning Open access Aug 2026

AI-driven PROTAC design overcomes oncogenic resilience by eliminating the CLIP1-LTK fusion protein.

The AI-guided development of a first-in-class proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) designed to selectively degrade the CLIP1-LTK fusion protein is reported, providing a promising therapeutic strategy for overcoming acquired resistance in kinase-driven cancers.

Shi-Cheng Chen, Hai-Ting Duan, S. Zhong et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Open access Apr 2026

Accurate and task-agnostic modeling of enzymatic reactions through multimodal relational learning

ERAM aligns pre-trained molecular representations from Protein Language Model with the knowledge of enzyme catalysis by modeling enzymatic reactions as multi-relational data, and demonstrates its potential as a versatile and effective tool for enzyme catalysis research.

Yuansheng Huang, Lanqing Li, Wenjia Qian et al. · 2 citations
#natural language process... Open access Apr 2026

LaMGen: LLM-based 3D molecular generation for multi-target drug design

This study introduces LaMGen, an LLM-powered framework that leverages large-scale protein-ligand data and rotation-aware molecular encoding to rapidly produce chemically plausible multi-target candidates, achieving strong zero-shot generalization, superior molecular quality, and robust performance across dual- and trip...

Qun Su, Qiaolin Gou, Hui Zhang et al. · 1 citation
#computer vision Open access Jun 2026

BioTD: An Online Database of Biotoxins

The Biotoxins Database (BioTD) is the largest open-source database for toxins, offering open access to 14,607 data records (8,185 activity records), covering 8,975 toxins sourced from 5,220 references and patents across over 900 species.

Gaoang Wang, Hang Wu, Yang Liao et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Open access Jul 2026

BBBP-Atlas: Unified Interpretable Modeling of Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability across Small Molecules and Peptides

BBBP-Atlas is proposed, a structure-aware BBB permeability prediction model designed for unified modeling of small molecules and peptides with the first cross-modal dataset OmniBBBP, which offers a versatile and cross-modal approach for single-compound prediction, batch screening, and dataset exploration for CNS drug d...

Xin Shen, Qun Su, Hao Luo et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Open access Jun 2026

Targeting the intrinsically disordered AR-NTD through a machine learning-based enhanced sampling workflow

An integrated computational workflow that combines enhanced sampling techniques and machine learning collective variables to identify druggable conformations of the AR-NTD and elucidate the binding mechanism of its modulator, EPI-002 is introduced.

Kai Zhu, Huating Wang, Jin-Tu Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#large language models Book Jul 2026

Depression Symptoms and Relational Patterns in 187k ChatGPT Histories

ChatGPT histories should not be treated as clinical screening data but as evidence LLMs are increasingly used as informal support infrastructure, which is private, persistent, responsive, and available outside ordinary hours.

N. K. R. Sehgal, D. Folk, Lyle Ungar et al. · 0 citations

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