Large language models increasingly generate multiple retrieval actions jointly, while downstream systems often provide only one reward for the resulting set. Broadcasting this reward provides a valid score-function gradient estimator for the expected set-level objective, but does not determine a coalition-dependent wit...
Xinyi Cheng, Tianfu Zhang, Jiwen Li et al.· 0 citations
Single-channel radio-frequency (RF) signal separation is important for interference mitigation when a signal of interest overlaps with a co-channel interferer in time and frequency. Classical matched filtering and LMMSE receivers are limited under structured non-Gaussian interference, while diffusion and score-based me...
Boundary delineation of anatomical structures in prostate MRI is often compromised by regional ambiguity. Automated segmentation methods relying on global overlap loss functions tend to be insensitive to surface deviations, leading to significant errors in ambiguous regions. Most existing uncertainty-aware methods trea...
Bilal Sidiqi, Yi-Pei Wang, Wen Yan et al.· 0 citations
Multilingual models share capacity across languages, so adding languages can hurt performance on existing ones. Mixture-of-experts models expand this capacity with little additional per-token computation. Given this extra capacity, does adding experts reduce what each additional language costs? To answer this question,...
Joel Dag, Nikit Srivastava, Hamada M. Zahera et al.· 0 citations
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The minimal width of deep neural networks that can approximate all continuous functions from $\mathbb{R}^n$ to $\mathbb{R}^m$ in the topology of uniform convergence on compact subsets is investigated, suggesting an intriguing connection between the approximation theory of neural networks and differential topology.
Diffusion models are a powerful framework for learning complex probability distributions. While widely used diffusion models for continuous data rely on Gaussian noising processes, we instead develop diffusion models based on Poisson noise. More precisely, we introduce and study a new mathematical framework, called Mix...
Thibaut Pellerin, Alain Durmus, Elinor Berger et al.· 0 citations
Building foundation models for MRI has emerged as a promising direction for advancing medical image analysis and improving accessibility of task specific models. Existing approaches primarily focus on effective pretraining strategies and evaluating their performance across diverse downstream tasks. While these methods...
Bilal A. Sidiqi, Yipei Wang, Shaheer U. Saeed et al.· 0 citations
This approach enhances BC by integrating a kernel density estimator to adjust training sample weights based on action density, thereby improving the learning of rare but critical actions such as stopping at red lights and accelerating at green lights, specially in scenarios of scarce number of expert demonstrations.
Eric A. Antonelo, Gustavo Claudio Karl Couto, Christiane Möller et al.· Brazilian Conference on Inte...· 4 citations
In-context control of a model's own activations might not yet be a threat to activation monitors, but it exists in a few models and needs to be tracked as models evolve.
Davide Baldelli, Robyn Kozierok, Mirko Bronzi et al.· 0 citations
Language models often produce semantically similar answers to open-ended questions, even when many plausible alternatives exist. Generating useful alternatives requires identifying both what the query calls for and what existing responses already cover. We introduce Gap Detection, a framework that searches for relevant...
Xucheng Yu, Haibo Jin, Xiaoqi Wang et al.· 0 citations
We introduce Weighted Adjoint Matching, a method to finetune a pretrained diffusion or flow matching model given a differentiable reward. We derive it from Adjoint Matching, which reformulates finetuning as a stochastic optimal control problem with a quadratic control cost. Building on the observation that these models...
We study the minimax estimation of the pseudo-spectral gap $\gamma_{ps}$ of a Markov chain from the observation of a single trajectory. Extending earlier works on finite-state space chains by Wolfer and Kontorovich (2024), we provide an estimator in the case of a compact, continuous state-space. Our estimator appears t...
Vahe Karagulyan, Miko{\l}aj Kasprzak, Pierre Alquier· 0 citations
A machine-learning approach called CheMeleon provides a practical way to develop new drugs or other molecules with much less detailed, expensive experimentation.
Research Manager Mike Walker reflects on a career spanning hacker culture, cybersecurity, and AI, sharing lessons about trust, teamwork, leadership, and why solving difficult problems requires curiosity, judgment, agility—and an understanding of the rules. The post Learn the rules: The hacker mindset appeared first on Microsoft Research.
Learn how Google Antigravity and our Cheminformatics Skills accelerate drug discovery workflows, search compounds, and propose novel rigidified macrocycles.
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